J. David Sapir

West African languages, folklore and culture. My initial field work was with the language and folklore of the Kujamaat Jóola of Southern Sénégal. Subsequent field work investigated their social organization and social symbolism. Language, folklore and social symbolism center on symbolism in general and inform my broader theoretical interests, the central place of symbolism in human thought. I am slowly posting on the web language and folklore materials from the Kujamaat: http://people.virginia.edu/~ds8s/Kujamaat-Joola/

Still Photography. My use of still photography dates from my days in high school. I have practiced it at irregular intervals over the years and in one concentrated period during my African field work. At that time I thought of photography as very separate from the pursuit of ethnography, and I made no attempt to integrate it with my studies of Kujamaat language, folklore and social symbolism. Recently I have begun to consider the nature of still photography as a unique form of communication and thence its value for ethnography. Visual anthropology in its current form is primarily, if not exclusively, involved with film and video. Can there be an "ethnophotography," based on still photography? An investigation of this possibility takes me into the history of photography from its introduction in 1839 and to a study of the grand tradition of what is called "documentary photography." To what extent is documentary photography enthographic? If it is, how is it to be used, and how are documentary photographs to be read?

In 1995 I setup a web site, "Fixing Shadows", devoted to still photography. I have added to it from time to time. You will find there the work of numerous photographers, some well know, others not. Of the former are Marion Post Wolcott (FSA photographer), Nell Dorr; David Plowden of Chicago and Jack Welpott. All told there are about 28 photographers represented. Take a look.

My own African photograhps can be found at: Kujamaat-Joola photos.

Specializations

West African language, lexicography, translation, folklore and symbolism; the nature of symbolism; the history and practice of still photography.

Courses

Culture and History of Photography, Ethnophotography, Visual Anthropology, Translation, Anthropology of Aesthetics, African Languages, African Oral Literature

Selected Publications

• A web site bringing together linguistic and folklore material of the Kujamaat Jóola.
• (updated occasionally) Dictionaire Kujamaat Jóola - avec traduction française et anglaise et suivi des indexes français et anglais. En collaboration avec M. Bara Goudjabi et le jury de 1970 (réuni à Bignona): MM. Amang Badji et Kalilou Badji et Chérif Afo Coly. Les traductions françaises ont été mises au point par Betty R. Hursh.
• 1994 - On Fixing Ethnographic Shadows. American Ethnologist 21(4):867-85.
• 1981 - Hyenas, Lepers and Blacksmiths in Kujamaat Social Thought. American Ethnologist 8(3):526-43.
• 1977 - Fecal Animals, an Example of Complementary Totemism. Man 12:1-21.
• 1977 - (with J. C. Crocker, eds.). The Social Use of Metaphor: Essays on the Anthropology of Rhetoric. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
• 1970 - Kujaama, Symbolic Separation among the Diola-Fogny. American Anthropologist 72(6):1330-48.
• 1965 - A Grammar of Diola-Fogny. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• 1965 - The Music of the Diola-Fogny of the Casamance, Sénégal. New York: Folkways Records.