Comprehensive Exam in International Relations (August 2003)

 

This exam is a closed-book exam (i.e., no notes/books/computer files) that is designed to test your knowledge of and ability to synthesize the complete field of international relations.  The best answers will respond directly to the question chosen and demonstrate a broad understanding of the literature on and processes of IR.  They will show the commonalities across and gaps between the different theoretical approaches, and the evolution of debates in and across those approaches.  They will deploy meaningful historical evidence in support of their arguments.  Theoretical or empirical overlap between your answers will diminish the quality of your exam.  (Note as well that citing UVa faculty, especially gratuitously, will not help your grade.)

 

"Majors" should answer one question from each of the three parts of the exam.  "Minors" should answer one question from Part I, and one question from either Part II or Part III.  Majors have six hours, and minors have four hours.  You have the choice to either type your exam, or handwrite it.  If you choose the latter, make a clear photocopy and give us the original at the end of the allotted time.  Then type up the exam word-for-word from the handwritten version (although you can correct spelling and small grammatical mistakes) and hand in the typed version within twenty-four hours.  Include a signed pledge that the typed version has the same words as the handwritten version. 

 

Part I: Theory of International Relations

 

 

1. Terms such as 'unipolar', ‘multipolar’, ‘hegemonic’, and 'imperial', etc., have been used to describe the contemporary international system. How do YOU describe the structure and analyze the functioning of the contemporary international system?"

 

2. "The US-Iraq war demonstrates conclusively the irrelevance of international law and institutions in world politics.  Thucydides' verdict - that the strong do what they can and the weak what they must remains valid 2500 years (or so) later." Is this really so?

 

3. Scholars who make arguments about the causal importance of domestic institutions (to IR) and international institutions are often both labeled "liberals."  Does it make sense to consider both of these groups from the same theoretical camp?  What do they share?  How do they differ? Which of the two offers more leverage in understanding international politics?

 

4. Contemporary International relations theory is frequently characterized as a debate between realist, liberal, and constructivist schools of thought. Explain why this debate obscures rather than clarifies international politics.

 

 

 

 

Part II: Applications to Issues

 

 

1. "World market forces have removed states' independent capacity for economic and social policy making.  The result will be a gradual homogenization of wages and production regimes as markets iron out differences across countries." Discuss, using at least two policy areas.

 

2. "Collective-security institutions such as the UN and OSCE and global economic institutions such as the WTO provide the only reliable means for ensuring cooperation in the post-Cold War world."  Discuss this statement with reference to the workings of at least two institutions (one security, one economic) after 1990.

 

3. Norms in international politics, some claim, are increasingly influential. Compare and contrast the approach to norms of two major thinkers and illustrate their approach to the study of at least two of the following:  human rights, just war, the resolution of territorial disputes, and acts of terror.

 

4. Policymakers assert that 9-ll changed everything in international relations and that conflict is no longer between nation states.  How would different theories or schools of thought (at least two) evaluate this claim and which is most helpful? Please discuss with reference to two specific conflicts or types of conflict.

 

 

Part III: Regional and Area Foreign Policies

 

1. "All significant outcomes in the bilateral American-Russian relationship since the disintegration of the USSR can be sufficiently explained by the discrepancy in power, across virtually all dimensions, between the two countries." Discuss with special attention to Russian foreign policy.

 

2. Pick ONE of the following regions, and assess the relative persuasiveness of three different labels for capturing its future role in international politics: internationalism, nationalism, dependency.

            a) Latin America

            b) Europe

            c) Africa

            d) East Asia

            e) Middle East

            f) South Asia

 

3.“The key to understanding Chinese foreign policy, and the future of Asia, is 7% annual economic growth.“ Do you agree?

 

4. Charles Kupchan argues that Europe will become the next great superpower and challenger to the United States. Do you agree?

 

5.  "The Bush administration has created a peculiarly one sided American hegemony that rests only on the demonstrated threat to the OECD that the US is willing to pursue unilateral action, and to the non-OECD that it might be the object of that unilateral action.  This kind of hegemony cannot last long." Comment, paying careful attention to the premises of the statement.

 

6. Are the “new” transnational threats really just a manifestation of time worn factors and old problems? Agree or disagree with respect to one of the following regions:

            a) Latin America

            b) Europe

            c) Africa

            d) East Asia

            e) Middle East

            f) South Asia