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Reflecting Jefferson's interest in architecture, courses in architectural drawing and construction were taught at the University as early as 1832. Students now, as then, benefit from the proximity of Jefferson's classical structures and the availability of his plans and drawings for the University Grounds and other buildings. At the end of World War I, a formal curriculum in architecture began, and from the mid 1950s through the early 1970s the School of Architecture continued to expand its programs. Today a student may receive a baccalaureate in architectural history, urban and environmental planning, and a baccalaureate of science in architecture. The faculty believes that each student deserves personal attention and guidance. The School of Architecture has a small, carefully selected student body. The school seeks applicants with strong academic records and demonstrated artistic creativity. A prospective student applies to one of the three undergraduate departments, but can apply to transfer from one program to another during the first or second year. The undergraduate program in architecture combines a solid humanities foundation with an emphasis on the role of architecture as cultural expression, and provides three years of studio experience in the development of architectural ideas and the design of built form. Most graduates of this program go on to advanced degrees in architecture and related fields. The undergraduate program in architectural history is the only one in the United States. The program is directed toward developing knowledge and an understanding of the history of the built environment: architecture, cities, and landscapes. Opportunity is also provided for an introduction to the issues and practices of historic preservation. After attaining this degree, most graduates of this program go on to advanced degrees in architectural history, art history, architecture, landscape architecture or planning. The undergraduate professional program in urban and environmental planning is one of less than a dozen such programs in the nation accredited by the Planning Accreditation Board. The study of planning theory, processes, and methods is integrated with the contextual exploration of political and market forces, resource limitations, environmental concerns, and social needs. With the Bachelor of Urban and Environmental Planning degree, many graduates go directly into professional jobs with governmental agencies or private planning and development firms. Others go on to advanced degrees in planning, architecture, law, public administration, and business.
Address
School
of Architecture
P.O.
Box 400122
Campbell
Hall
University
of Virginia
Charlottesville,
VA 22904-4122
University
Admissions: (434) 982-3200
The School of Architecture offers three undergraduate programs of instruction under the Departments of Architecture, Urban and Environmental Planning, and Architectural History. Supporting course work is offered through the cooperation of departments in the College of Arts and Sciences and the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. The specific degree requirements for each program depict the general structure and the number of credits necessary for each degree. Evaluation of courses and curricula modification are continuing processes in the school. Therefore, the specific degree requirements are subject to change. Bachelor of Science (Architecture) The undergraduate degree in architecture offers students an opportunity to combine a foundation in the liberal arts with course work in architecture. The four-year, preprofessional program prepares graduates to pursue a variety of career paths and graduate programs. Students who wish to continue in architecture would complete the requirements of the professional, accredited architecture degree at the graduate level. Most states require that an individual intending to become an architect hold an accredited degree. There are two types of degrees that are accredited by the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB): the Bachelor of Architecture, which requires a minimum of five years of study; and the Master of Architecture, which requires a minimum of three years of study following an unrelated bachelor's degree, or two years following a related preprofessional bachelor's degree. These professional degrees are structured to educate those who aspire to registration and licensure as architects. The four-year, preprofessional degree, where offered, is not accredited by NAAB. The preprofessional degree is useful for those who desire a foundation in the field of architecture as preparation for either continued education in a professional degree program or for employment options in architecturally related areas. Bachelor of Urban and Environmental Planning The Bachelor of Urban and Environmental Planning is a professional degree recognized by the Planning Accreditation Board. The program has a strong liberal arts emphasis, and the student is expected to take a majority of the first two years of course work in the College of Arts and Sciences. During the final two years, the student has a wide range of professional seminars and application courses to choose from in the areas of environmental planning, land use planning and growth management, and urban development and housing policy. This course of study is designed to develop an integrative knowledge of environmental and community processes, professional skills, and leadership. Bachelor of Architectural History This four-year program is one of the few of its kind in the country. Students are offered a liberal arts education with an emphasis on the study of architectural history. This degree program provides an introduction to the problems of historic restoration and preservation, while offering ample opportunity for interaction with the three other departments in the school. Study Abroad The School of Architecture encourages study abroad by offering programs in Helsinki, Finland and Copenhagen, Denmark, as well as summer programs in Vicenza, Italy and Beijing, China. All students in the School of Architecture are eligible for these programs. For departmental regulations governing participation, contact the director of programs abroad representative in Campbell Hall; (434) 924-3937. Residence Requirements and Transfer Credits Prospective students must apply to one of the three undergraduate programs. All three programs place substantial emphasis on the liberal arts and include a significant number of courses offered in the College of Arts and Sciences, most of which are taken in the first two years. All three programs also normally require four years for completion and a minimum of two years as a full-time student in the School of Architecture. In some cases, summer session study at the University is also required of transfer applicants. Credit toward a degree is allowed for work comparable to courses offered at the University, if such work has been completed in an accredited college. Credit is not granted for work completed elsewhere with a grade less than C or its equivalent. The dean of the School of Architecture governs the awarding of transfer credit. In no case are transfer credits in excess of 60 granted toward an undergraduate degree in the School of Architecture. The school does not accept pass/fail courses for transfer credit. In
exceptional circumstances, the School of Architecture dean may waive
an admission or performance requirement when, in the dean's judgment,
such action best serves the intent of the program.
Required Courses A student who enters the School of Architecture without transfer credits must complete, at this University in Charlottesville, all prescribed courses in the curriculum for which she or he is a degree candidate. Students transferring from another college or university must complete, at this University in Charlottesville, all required courses in those subjects not completed at the time of first admission to the School of Architecture. Exceptions may be made to these requirements provided permission is granted in advance by the dean of the School of Architecture. Candidates for a degree from the School of Architecture must complete the courses in the curriculum for which they are registered, as outlined in the subsequent pages. In addition, candidates must maintain a GPA of at least 2.0 in all courses taken at the school or University and offered for a degree. The dean of the School of Architecture may waive a specific course requirement for a degree when, in the dean's judgment, such action best serves the intent of the program. Minors A minor in architecture provides students with an opportunity to develop a basic understanding of, and appreciation for, architecture as an important component of culture and the built environment. The minor requirements are under the curricula section. A minor in architectural history requires 19 AR H credits, including AR H 105, and 15 credits of AR H electives. No thesis is required. A minor in urban and environmental planning requires 15 credits of planning courses. Students may choose from among any PLAN course, with no more than 6 credits at the 500 level. Students outside of the school should take at least one plan-making course. A minor in historic preservation requires 15 credits, nine of which must be from among the following courses in the foundations of preservation core: AR H 590, 351, 352 or 353; ARCH 511, 515; and PLAN 530. Six credits from among more specialized preservation courses are also required. These include, but are not limited to, AR H 515, 554; L AR 523, 512; PLAC 565; PLAN 534, 571; ARCH 512, 513, 516, 517, 522, and 589. A minor in landscape architecture requires a minimum GPA of 3.0, five courses, and at least 15 credits in landscape architecture. These credits include L AR 512; two courses from among L AR 505, 507, 517, and 535; and at least two of the following: L AR 513, 514, 520, 525, or a University seminar taught by landscape architecture faculty. Students in the Architecture Department are strongly encouraged to take a 400 level studio in Landscape Architecture (subject to availability). Students outside the Architecture department are strongly encouraged to take ARCH 102 Fundamentals of Design (3) in addition to the courses listed above. Student in the College of Arts & Sciences must submit a "Degree Application Form" to their advisor in Landscape Architecture. Applications for the five minors are available in Campbell Hall, Room 201. Upon completion of all requirements, the signature of the respective department chair must be obtained. Intra University Courses ARCH101, 102; L AR 512; and all AR H courses are recognized as College equivalents. In addition, AR H 100, 101, 102, 150, and 333 count fully as College courses and meet the area requirement in the humanities/fine arts. Evaluation Because continuance in the School of Architecture depends on demonstrated ability and promise of professional and academic achievement, each student's performance is evaluated at the end of every semester. Program Flexibility Curricular requirements for the first two years of the Bachelor of Science in Architecture, Bachelor of Architectural History, and Bachelor of Urban and Environmental Planning degree programs are similar, enabling students to transfer from one program to another. Ownership of Student Work The School of Architecture reserves the right to retain student course work for exhibition and publication with appropriate credits. Teachers who wish to retain student work for their own purposes must gain student consent and provide adequate documentation of the work for the student.
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Course Load Special permission of the dean's office is required to register for fewer than 12 credits or more than 19 credits each semester. Incompletes
IN represents incomplete and indicates the grade is being withheld
until additional work is performed and approved. The deadline for resolution
of IN grades is the first Friday in January for courses taken in the
fall semester, and the last Friday in May for courses taken in the spring
semester. Grades that remain IN after those times will be administratively
changed to F.
Credit/No Credit Grades Students have the option of receiving a CR (credit) or NC (no credit) in place of the regular grades, A through F, for a given course. This option is selected when students register for courses. Instructors may deny students permission to take courses on a CR/NC basis. If this occurs, students may either change back to the regular grading option, or they may drop the courses entirely. Courses taken for CR/NC may not be used for any major or basic area requirements. Only one three-credit course of open elective credit may be taken each semester on a CR/NC basis. Class Standing Students are categorized by class according to the number of credits they have earned as follows: 1st year: 0-29 credits; 2nd year: 30-59 credits; 3rd year: 60-89 credits; 4th year: 90 or more credits. AP and transfer credits are included in the computation of class standing; credits not completed or completed unsuccessfully are not. Students in the design concentration are classified according to their studio level. Academic Performance Student performance in the Department of Architecture's professional subjects is reviewed by the faculty at the end of every term. Students are expected to achieve at least a C- in ARCH 201, 202, 301, 302, 303, 324, and 401. Grades of D or F in any of these professional courses results in repeating the course. A grade of C in a studio course is grounds for reconsideration of continuing in the studio sequence. If, in the judgment of the faculty, a student has not achieved an appropriate standard of performance in a professional subject, he or she may be required to repeat one or both terms of the course before proceeding with the next level of work in this subject. There is an approved student grievance procedure relative to grades. Participation in formal juries is an integral part of a student's training in architecture. There are few tenable reasons for missing a jury, and the professor must be notified of the reason for an absence. An unexcused absence from a jury is deemed by some faculty as grounds for failure. Students majoring in Urban and Environmental Planning or Architectural History must pass their required departmental courses with a minimum grade of C-. Probation Students are placed on probation if they do not pass at least 12 credits of work in any semester following the first semester, or if their cumulative GPA falls below 2.0 after the completion of the first semester. Enrollment in advanced professional course work is allowed only for students with GPAs of 2.0 or better. A third probation, or probation following suspension, results in a final suspension. Suspension Students are suspended if they do not pass at least ten credits of work in any semester following their first semester. Students who have been suspended once may appeal to the school's faculty for readmission. However, this appeal will be considered only after the student has passed a minimum of six credits in this University's summer session with a grade of at least C in each course. In addition, these courses must be approved by the Dean of the School of Architecture. Courses taken in the School of Continuing and Professional Studies or any other institution are not accepted for degree credit or as a basis for application for readmission. No student suspended a second time will be readmitted.
Campbell Hall, the School of Architecture building, was completed in 1970 and is part of a complex of buildings forming a Fine Arts Center that also includes the Department of Art, the Department of Drama, and the Fiske Kimball Fine Arts Library. Campbell Hall provides well-equipped studio work areas, exhibition areas, lecture halls, and seminar rooms. The school has two computer-graphics and computer-aided design laboratories with high resolution graphics. These facilities support software applications in computer-aided design, GIS digital mapping and modeling, site analysis, image processing, rendering, animation, structural analysis, lighting analysis, energy analysis, statistics, word processing, spreadsheet, and other areas. They also contain UNIX, Macintosh, and IBM computers with Internet access, and maintain digital voice and video links with other research laboratories in the United States and Europe. The design studio space has network connections for individual computers. Other research support facilities include digital modeling laboratories, a woodworking shop, and a photography darkroom. The Fiske Kimball Fine Arts Library, a branch of the University of Virginia Library system, serves the School of Architecture, the Department of Art and Art History and the Department of Drama. The collections include 155,000 volumes, including technical reports, videos, CD-ROMs, and other electronic resources. We also have an image collection of 200,000 slides and a growing digital image collection. The collections cover all aspects related to architecture, landscape architecture, architectural history, urban and environmental planning, and the visual and performing arts. The Fine Arts Library provides patrons with access to all University Library resources, including government documents, maps, rare books and manuscripts, many other online resources, as well as a gateway to the Internet. Special emphasis is placed on teaching students and faculty to conduct research utilizing online resources. Reference services are provided to the entire University community and to practioners throughout the Commonwealth and the nation. Dean's List To be eligible for the Dean's List of Distinguished Students at the end of each semester, students must take a minimum of 15 credits and achieve a grade point average of 3.4 or higher without failure in any course. Courses taken on a CR/NC basis may not be counted toward the 15-credit minimum. Any student receiving an F, NC, IN or NG during the semester is not eligible to be on the dean's list. Intermediate
Honors Students who enter the University
directly from high school or preparatory school and who after four
regular semesters, have completed at least 60 credits of course work
with a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.4 at the end of the fourth semester
and are in the top twenty percent of their class, are awarded a Certificate
of Intermediate Honors; the notation "intermediate honors"
is placed on the student's official academic record. Theses and Commencement Honors Students who have demonstrated high academic achievement in pursuit of the bachelor's degree are eligible for commencement honors. Diplomas inscribed "with honors" are awarded to graduates who have earned a cumulative grade point average of at least 3.6. Diplomas inscribed "with high honors" are awarded to graduates who have earned a cumulative grade point average of at least 3.75. Diplomas inscribed "with highest honors" are awarded to graduates who have earned a cumulative grade point average of at least 3.90. The School of Architecture offers graduate programs leading to the degrees of Master of Architecture, Master of Landscape Architecture, Master of Architectural History, and Master of Urban and Environmental Planning. A separate graduate catalog describing each of these programs is available from the Admission Office of the School of Architecture. A Ph.D. in Architectural History is administered through the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.
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Architecture | Urban and Environmental Planning | Architectural History Bachelor
of Science in Architecture
Pre-Professional
Concentration
Studies
Concentration
Multi-Disciplinary
Concentration
Admission The
Bachelor of Architecture Program attracts a diverse range of students
with a wide range of interests that are bound together by an overriding
desire to consider and construct environments of enduring value.
Transfer students are accepted into the Department each fall up through the beginning of third year. Students wishing to transfer into the University's Department of Architecture should refer to www.virginia.edu/~admiss/ugadmiss/home.shtml. Those students already a member of the University and wishing to apply for transfer should refer to the Student Handbook at http://www.virginia.edu/arch/. Curriculum
Years
1-3
The
prime objective of the curricular core of the first three years is to
provide a framework for the study of contemporary culture through observation,
analysis, and considered design of our ongoing constructed occupation
of the earth. This exploration uses design as a mode of critical inquiry
from the scale of the city to the scale of the hand while maintaining
its focus on the value of this effort to the community and the land,
both immediate and extended. To make this evaluation possible, the curriculum
is based on the foundation of a liberal arts education formed broadly
during the first two years of study while subjects directly related
to making architecture are pursued in the third year.
Students entering the Department of Architecture follow one curriculum for their first three years. Starting in their second year, the strategic choices of electives will prepare the student to pursue the concentration of their choice.
4th
Year
Election
of Concentration
At
the end of the spring semester of the third year, each student will
elect a course of study for the fourth year from the following list.
The choices are designed to maximize the opportunities for undergraduate
study given the wide range and scope of student interests and potential
career paths.
4th
Year: Pre-Professional Concentration
This
Concentration is for students intent on pursuing a career as a practicing
Architect. The curriculum is designed to maximize the opportunities
to explore through design complex issues and conditions as well as representing
intentions in material form.
4th
Year: Architectural Studies Concentration:
This
Concentration is designed for students interested in expanding the scope
of their study to include the related design fields of landscape architecture
or urban planning. This option also allows students interested in the
relationship between the practice of architectural design and research
into architectural history or technical issues related to building and
the environment to pursue these interests. Minors offered within the
School of Architecture are the primary vehicle used to complete the
degree requirements.
4th
Year: Multi-Disciplinary Concentration
This
Concentration is for those students interested in exploring the connection
between architecture and another discipline. This discipline can
be something as close to architecture as art or engineering, or it could
also be a more distant field, such as business, archeology, or materials
science. It is the student's responsibility to make the case for
the connection. Fulfilling the requirements for a minor in the related
field is the primary vehicle used to complete the degree requirements.
Notes:
A
minimum grade point average of 2.0 is required.
(1) HUM or SCI Elective: SCI "Science" electives include Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Engineering, and Computer Science. (2) Students scoring above 600 on the math SAT are encouraged to take MATH 131. Students who have not completed a trigonometry course prior to matriculation, or who scored below 550 on the math SAT, are required to take MATH 103 Pre-Calculus in lieu of an Open Elective in the first semester. (3) ARCH Elective: Any course designated with one of the following prefixes: ARCH, AR H, LAR, PLAC, PLAN, or PRES. ARCH Elective - Minor Related: An ARCH Elective that is directly related to the Minor Study Area. (4) One Open Elective per semester may be taken Credit/No Credit. A Maximum of 8 hours of degree credit will be granted for Ensemble Music or Dance. A maximum of 12 hours of degree credit will be granted for AIRS, MISC, & NASC courses. PHYE "Physical Education" credits do not count toward degree totals. Note Students who wish to obtain the Master of Architecture professional degree apply to a graduate program. Students expecting to enter graduate studies should have maintained a 3.0 cumulative average, with a 3.5 average in the architectural design sequence. Admission into the graduate program in architecture at the University of Virginia is extremely competitive. Minors offered: Minor
In Architecture
The
Minor in Architecture is offered to all students at the University.
Students who complete the Minor range from those whose major is in a
related field and who wish to expand the boundaries of that endeavor,
to those considering graduate study in architecture.
Urban
and Environmental Planning
The
Program in Urban and Environmental Planning balances professional planning
skills with a liberal education emphasizing interdisciplinary study.
Students typically take courses in the social and natural sciences,
the humanities, and in design fields that complement professional courses
in planning practice and theory. Graduates either begin work in the
public or private sectors or go on to graduate professional studies.
The scope of the planner's work encompasses present and future urban and environmental concerns, including such diverse issues as environmental impact, quality of life, and the public and private costs of development. Planners work in the public and private sectors in urban and rural areas. Public sector planners work for all levels of government, formulating plans to redevelop or rehabilitate downtowns and neighborhoods, develop land aesthetically and profitably, and regulate private development to protect public interests. Although planners frame long-range designs, anticipating futures 5 to 15 years away, they are also deeply involved in choosing among current projects. Private sector planners employed with land developers, utilities, banks, property management firms, industries, and other major corporations do similar work according to the particular concerns of each business. Many of these concerns are integrated with the department's focus on sustainable community development. Students
may enter the program directly from high school, or they may transfer
from another University school or other accredited universities or colleges.
Usually, students transfer in their first or second year and complete
the degree requirements without additional sessions. Although the first
two years conform closely to the Arts and Sciences core curriculum,
students who wish to transfer to the program should consult with the
director of undergraduate studies. Students may apply for transfer for
the spring or fall semesters. If other prerequisites have been met,
it is possible for transfer students to complete the required planning
courses in two years.
(1)
Students must have a minimum of 122 credits with at least a 2.0 average
in order to graduate with a Bachelor of Urban and Environmental Planning
degree.
(3) Select two from among ARCH 101, ARCH 102 (ARCH 102 is taken only after ARCH 101), AR H 100, or AR H 105. (6) Planning applications courses are designated as PLAC. They emphasize field work, analysis, plan development, document preparation, and formal presentation. PLAC401 is designed for planning undergraduates seeking a culminating workshop. (7) A Professional Elective can be taken in a professional school, at the 300-level or above, with advisor's permission. Architectural
History
The
undergraduate curriculum provides an introduction to the discipline
of architectural history within a liberal arts program. A minimum of
34 credits in architectural history is required for the major. These
include AR H 105 and AR H 490. The latter is taken during the fourth
year, which allows students to research and write an advanced paper
on a topic of their choice while working closely with a faculty member.
This paper, with faculty comments, becomes part of the student's
permanent record. Students must also complete the first year of architectural
design courses (ARCH 201-202). Appropriate preservation and art history
courses may be used to fulfill architectural history requirements after
consultation with an academic advisor.
Bachelor
of Architectural History(1)
(1)
Students must have a minimum of 122 credits with at least 2.0 average
in order to graduate with a Bachelor of Architectural History degree.
(3)
Students must attain, at a minimum, an intermediate level in one foreign
language, usually by completing 12 credits of foreign language study
through the 202 level. Any remaining course slots may be used for additional
languages or as open electives. Those with previous language study may
contact the appropriate department for placement in advanced level courses
(i.e., to begin study at the University with a 200- rather than a 100-level
language course). Students scoring at least 620 on a CEEB language achievement
examination have satisfied this requirement. Those intending to continue
in the field of architectural history are advised to study a second
language.
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With faculty approval, upper-level undergraduate students may be allowed to enroll in graduate courses and offer them for elective credit. These courses are described in the Graduate Record and are offered through all four departments. Although ARCH, AR H, L AR, and PLAN are preprofessional and professional courses, not all are restricted to School of Architecture students. If students outside the school wish to enroll in one of these courses, they should secure the approval of the faculty member offering that course. Even in professionally-oriented courses, some faculty members encourage and welcome such participation. Lessons
of the Lawn
The
study of architecture as a speculation on origins is located at the
conjunctive core of any liberal arts curriculum and serves as the physical
armature and conceptual foundation of the University. This course is
concerned with the contemporary imagination, attempting to make the
discipline of architecture meaningful to a wide range of citizens in
its public obligation to be constructive and optimistic in the most
profoundly ethical, pragmatic, and magical of terms.
Lessons
in Making
This
course explores the delights and dilemmas of making physical objects.
With simple tools and modest materials (paper and pencils, brushes
and paint, cardboard and earth) we will make drawings, paintings,
sculptures and architectural designs. In the context of this course,
to make means to imagine, invent and design; it also means to study,
research and analyze. Making engages both our minds and our bodies-our
hands and muscles, as well as all our senses. We will thus study not
only the objects of our making, but also the different ways in which
we perceive-the ways we see, touch, taste, smell and hear our physical
environment.
ARCH 201, 202 - (4) (6) (Y) Introduction
to Architectural Design
Explores
the humanistic determinants of form; architecture as both experience
and formal proposition; analysis and synthesis in the design process;
and the communication of design intentions.
Architectural
Design
Prerequisite: ARCH
201, 202.
Analyzes
architectural design conceptualization and synthesis; the relationship
of building, site, and basic technology as determinants in architectural
form; and the integration of various disciplines and concerns in the
design of a complete building.
Building
I
Introduces
the technology involved in the design and construction of buildings,
emphasizing the nature of materials and their practical assembly. A
parallel intention to ARCH 301 and 302, it presents a vocabulary that
interrelates history, theory, and technology.
Introduction
to Digital Analysis and Representation
The
course focuses on the development of skills needed to represent analytical
and creative ideas utilizing digital multimedia. Emphasis is placed
on the exploration of computer-aided diagramming, abstraction, collage,
assemblage and three-dimensional analytical modeling. In addition, weekly
lectures, readings and film screenings introduce students to a broad
range of topics engaging architecture, technology and culture.
Architectural
Theory and Ethics
Architectural
theory acts as a critical discourse parallel to practice—as its
conscience and provocation. Buildings, landscapes, and manifestos by
architects are scrutinized for significant, recurring themes using methods
from aesthetics, philosophy, and criticism. This course relies upon
reading, writing, and argument to develop an analytic approach that
bridges the gap between architectural knowledge and other forms of knowledge.
Introduction
to Structural Design
Prerequisite: Equivalent
college-level physics.
A
first course in structures for undergraduates to develop analytic and
critical skills through both mathematical and visual investigation.
Topics include statics, mechanics of materials, computer-based structural
analysis, and the design and behavior of basic structural elements and
systems.
Architectural
Design
Prerequisite: ARCH
301, 302.
Explores
architectural design problems of complex programs and intermediate scale,
emphasizing circulation, formal intent, and specialized technology in
both historic and contemporary urban contexts.
Building
II
Explores
the relationship between the technology of contemporary construction
and the social, political, and economic forces that form the context
of architectural practice. Examines the ethical responsibilities of
the architect with respect to the unique tools and knowledge of the
discipline.
Teaching
Experience
Selected
students lead a seminar (of 8 to 10 younger students each) for "Covenant"
and "Fundamentals." All student assistants attend class lectures
(for a second time) and then meet with their seminar groups weekly,
leading discussions of topics and questions raised by the instructor.
Vicenza
Program
Summer
study abroad in Vicenza, Italy. Students will be introduced to Italian
culture through the study of architecture, landscape architecture, and
city planning. Both the formal ideals as well as the constructed reality
of these three subjects will be studied through critical observation
and documentation of universal conditions and critical junctures.
Architectural
Graphics
Descriptive
geometry, perspective, and presentation techniques used in architecture.
Required for Path A graduate students.
Figure
Drawing
Hones
the faculty of seeing and the skill of drawing through drawing the human
figure.
Design
Approaches to Existing Sites
Explores
various approaches by designers to the contexts of their work. Examines
buildings, urban infrastructure, and landscape interventions, and includes
lectures, discussions, and presentations by visitors and students.
Victorian
Technology
Surveys
the dramatic changes in building, transportation, and communications
technology that occurred in America between 1870 and 1920. Developments
such as steel, reinforced concrete, electricity, telephones, etc., directly
affected building design and construction.
Technology,
Materials, and Conservation of Traditional Buildings
Studies
the principles of inspection, diagnosis, and treatment of older buildings
from an engineering perspective. Emphasizes materials and the structural
behavior of masonry, concrete, wood, and metals. Lectures and field
work.
Preservation
of Jeffersonian Architecture
Examines
the Jeffersonian buildings on Grounds within the restoration program
now underway in the Academical Village. Provides a hands-on study of
the buildings and their care, which examines the buildings within the
context of their own historical origins and life span, then broadens
that literary and cultural understanding with intensive site investigation,
otherwise known as building archaeology. Explores alternative solutions
to problems and changes in the buildings.
Victorian
Technology
Surveys
the dramatic changes in building, transportation, and communications
technology that occurred in America between 1870 and 1920. Developments
such as steel, reinforced concrete, electricity, and telephones directly
affected building design and construction.
Materials
and Assembly
A
seminar in which the properties of basic building materials are evaluated
and assemblies of critical junctures are proposed and critiqued.
Environmental
Control Systems and Lighting
Study
of fundamental principles applied to the design of thermal and luminous
environments, as well as plumbing/drainage and electrical systems. A
studio project is selected for additional analysis and design development
focusing on the energy-conscious building envelope, mechanical systems
selection, natural and artificial lighting schemes, and the building
services layout.
Energy
Systems
An
investigation and comparative analysis of energy consumption patterns
before and after energy conserving retrofits were implemented in existing
buildings. Explores current and future development trends in energy
conservation technologies, emphasizing passive solar analysis and design
methodology. This study is followed by an application of issues onto
a studio problem.
Lighting
Design
Development
of knowledge and skills in lighting design through the study of exemplary
buildings, design exercises, case studies and analyses of lighting conditions.
Considers quantitative and qualitative lighting design issues and their
synthesis through design.
Construction
Practice Management
Provides
future architects, engineers, lawyers, and developers with an overall
understanding of the construction process for commercial, industrial,
and institutional projects. Follows the history of a typical project
from selection of architect to final completion of construction. Topics
include design cost control, cost estimating, bidding procedures, bonds
and insurance, contracts and sub-contracts, progress scheduling, fiscal
controls, payment requests, submittals, change orders, inspections,
overall project administration, and continuing architect-owner-contractor
relationships. Lectures and related field trips.
Design
Construction Drawing
Immerses
students in the process of producing construction drawings by asking
them to organize and generate a complete set of drawings that embody
and describe the design intent and construction of a given building.
Students examine alternative construction techniques, develop details,
and produce a set of construction drawings that would yield a well-built
structure whose design intent is clear.
Construction
and Modernism
Discussion
of the role of construction in design, focusing on industrialization
and its impact on architecture in this century. Emphasizes the ideals
and reality of mass production and the ways in which this has and does
effect architectural form, both in a direct constructional way, and
in a conceptional way.
Computer
Aided Architectural Design
Explores
design worlds that are made accessible through computer-based media.
Lectures provide a theoretical framework for computer-aided design,
describe current methods, and speculate on advanced methods. Workshop
exercises focus on computer-based 3-D geometrical modeling, including
photo-realistic and abstract methods of rendering, materials simulation,
texture mapping, reflection mapping, image processing, color-table manipulation,
photomontage, lighting, animation, and combined media applications.
Computer
Graphics and Design Application
Applies
geometrical modeling to solving design problems using an array of solid
modeling, geometrical modeling, rendering and image-processing tools.
Architectural
Simulation
Prerequisite: ARCH
541/542 or 544, or instructor permission.
Explores
the simulation of architecture, urban design, and environmental design
through movie-making. Examines parallels between the treatment of motion
in movies and the treatment of motion in design. These parallels include
how film makers and designers treat the space-time continuum, 3-D depth,
movement, lighting, and montage. Further examines movie-making as a
medium for design exploration, architectural aesthetic expression, and
critical analysis of design.
Computables
of Architectural Design
Explores
the quantitative basis and geometrical order of forms occurring in nature
and architecture. Covers instructions, exercises, and examples of coding
in a programming language during the first two thirds of the term. Students
develop a case study in design methods that extends a CAD system as
the basis for a computational project in the last third of the term.
Programming knowledge is not assumed; class pace is individually adapted
for students with previous experience.
Architectural
Analysis: Key Buildings of Modernism
Investigates
the link between ideas and forms of significant buildings in the canon
of modern architecture.
City
Design
Introduces
the issues of contemporary city design. Examines methods of analyzing
urban form, large scale organizational concepts, aesthetic opportunities,
and methods of implementation that may be used to shape the sensory
qualities of our cities. Recognizing that social, economic, and environmental
issues often determine city design, the course emphasizes the design
opportunities inherent in these concerns. The intent is to understand
what we have done in order to improve what we will do.
Design
of Cities
Cities
are physical artifacts that are experienced psychologically and socially.
This course investigates the theories surrounding these processes to
reach an understanding of humanistic urban design intentions. Experiential
realities are explored through case studies, readings, and mapping exercises.
Photography
The
photographic image is used as a means of discussing and exploring the
relationship between ideas and representation. This exploration begins
with an analysis and presentation of compositional and thematic issues
in the work of significant photographs throughout history. Film and
paper exposure, processing, and printing are discussed.
Contemporary
Architectural Theory
Readings
and lectures covering 1966 to the present, and tracing the development
of postmodernism, post-structuralism, and other current movements in
architecture. Reference is made to other disciplines, the influence
of criticism, the role of the media, and distinctions between theory,
criticism, and style.
Photography
and Digital Media
This
course seeks to give students the ability to conceive and create digital
photographic imagery with control and sophistication. Topics include
fundamentals of photography, color theory, digital control of visual
qualities, and methods of image montage for both still images and short
animations. Methods include production and presentation for both printed
hard copy and for the world wide web.
Architectural
Crafts
Applies
design process and theory to the design and construction of furniture.
Investigates jointing, finishing, and construction techniques. Experience
with tools is not required.
History
of Architecture: Survey
The
history of Western architecture from ancient times to the present.
Intro
to History of Architecture
Introduction
to the study of Architectural History
History
of Architecture
Surveys
architecture from the Renaissance to the present.
Thomas
Jefferson's Architecture
Surveys
Jefferson's architectural world with special emphasis on the Lawn.
History
of Modern Architecture
Surveys
architecture and allied arts from c. 1800 to the present, emphasizing
the development of the modern movement.
Later
Medieval Architecture
The
architecture of Western Europe from c. 1140-1500.
Early
Medieval Architecture
The
architecture of Western Europe from c. 800-1150.
Italian
Renaissance Architecture 15th Century
Developments
of classicism in Italy between 1400 and 1500.
Renaissance
Architecture 16th Century
Developments
in classicism in Italy between 1500 and 1600.
European
Classical Architecture Outside Italy, 1400-1750
The
development of classicism primarily in France, England, and Germany
between 1400 and 1750.
Early
American Architecture
American
architecture from the first European contact to the death of Jefferson.
Lectures and field trips.
Later
American Architecture
Surveys
American architecture from 1800 to the present.
Nineteenth-Century
American Architecture
American
architecture from 1776 to 1914.
Twentieth-Century
American Architecture
Surveys
American architecture emphasizing the development of modernism.
Nineteenth-Century
European Architecture and Theory
The
development of architecture in nineteenth-century Europe, with particular
attention to France, England and Germany.
East-West
Architecture
Studies
cultural exchanges in architecture between East and West, emphasizing
master architects such as F.L. Wright and L. Kahn.
East
Asia Architecture
Surveys
traditional architecture in China, Japan, and Korea, focusing on the
main features and monuments of East Asian and landscape architecture.
Independent
Studies in Architectural History
Advanced
work on independent research topics by individual students.
Major
Special Study
Prerequisite: Instructor
approval and departmental approval of topic.
Advanced
independent research projects by fourth year architectural history students.
Historical
Archaeology
Studies
the theory, problems, and techniques of the archaeology of the American
colonial past on the Atlantic seaboard. Field trips.
Selected
Topics in Architectural History
Prerequisite: Instructor
permission.
Special
topics pursued in a colloquium.
World
Buddhist Architecture
Studies
the history of Buddhist architecture and allied arts in the Buddhist
world, including East, South, and Southeast Asia. Lecture starts from
the Indian stupas and ends in Japanese Zen gardens.
Modern
Japanese Architecture
The
history of architecture in modern Japan from Meiji period to the present.
Focuses on post-WW II development; discusses the major influential
architects such as Tange, Kikutake, Maki, Isozaki, Kurokawa, and Ando.
Independent
Studies in Architectural History
Prerequisite: Departmental
approval of topic.
Advanced
work on independent research topics by individual students.
Historic
Preservation Theory and Practice
Surveys
the history of preservation, focusing on the changing nature of its
ideals and practice. Preservation is discussed in the context of cultural
history and the changing relationship between existing buildings and
landscapes, and attitudes toward history, memory, and invented tradition.
Community
History Workshop
An
in-depth historical analysis of the architecture, urban form, and planning
of a selected community. Focuses on the historical significance of the
built landscape as an element in, and an expression of, the social and
cultural life of the community.
Community
Public History Seminar
Explores
a variety of approaches to conveying the architectural and cultural
history of a community to a diverse public constituency. Builds upon
the analysis developed in AR H 592 (Community History Workshop). Analyzes
the preservation implications of the work undertaken in collaboration
with students in the preservation studio.
Architectural
Surveys
Identifies
the location of early roadways in Albemarle County that provide clues
to the documentation of the material culture or architectural pattern
(e.g., plantation houses, barns and outbuildings, taverns, mills, churches,
schools, stores, depots) associated with it through time.
Measured
Drawings
Prerequisite: ARCH
201/202 or 501/502.
Analysis
of graphic recording techniques as employed by the Historic American
Buildings Survey along with archival research.
Technology,
Materials, and Conservation of Traditional Buildings
Studies
the principles of inspection, diagnosis, and treatment of older buildings
from an engineering perspective. Emphasizes materials and structural
behavior of masonry, concrete, wood, and metals. Includes lectures and
field work.
Preservation
of Jeffersonian Architecture
Examines
the Jeffersonian buildings on the grounds within the restoration program
now underway in the Academical Village. Provides a hands-on study of
the buildings and their care, examining the buildings within the context
of their own historical origins and life span and broadening that literary
and cultural understanding with intensive site investigation, otherwise
known as building archaeology. Where problems have arisen, or where
changes in the buildings must be made, alternative solutions are explored.
Regional
Architecture
Examines
regional Virginia architecture through slide lectures and field trips
emphasizing stylistic and technical features. Serves as an overview
of Virginia architecture while concentrating in detail on the Piedmont
region.
Victorian
Technology
Survey
of the dramatic changes in building, transportation, and communications
technology that occurred in America between 1870 and 1920. Explores
the development of steel, reinforced concrete, electricity, and telephones,
which directly affected building design and construction.
Historic
Sites
Studies
of methods and techniques of identifying, measuring, documenting, and
reporting historic sites, including field work on actual historic sites.
Plants
and Environment I
Studies
plant types and characteristics in natural and designed environments.
Emphasizes field identification, ecological associations, and plant
shape and form. Incorporates drawing exercises in the field.
Plants
and Environment II
Prerequisite: L
AR 507.
Continued
study of plant types and characteristics in natural and designed environments.
Emphasizes field identification, ecological associations, and plant
shape and form. Incorporates drawing exercises in the field.
Advanced
Landscape Drawing and Representation
Explores
ways of representing, analyzing and designing the landscape through
a variety of media to include drawing, collage image processing, model
making and digital modeling.
History
of Landscape Architecture
Examines
landscape architecture as an expression of cultural values. Lectures
concentrate on a few prototypical examples, emphasizing ancient Egypt,
16th-century Italy, 17th-century France, 17th-century Japan, 18th-century
Britain, 17th- and 20th-century America. Comparative case studies are
complemented by primary and secondary source readings.
History
of American Landscape Architecture
Studies
the development of American landscape architecture from the 17th century
to the present, emphasizing seminal figures—Jefferson, Downing,
Olmsted, Platt, Farrand, Jensen, and selected contemporary designers.
Theories
of Modern Landscape Architecture
Prerequisite: L
AR 512 or instructor permission.
Examines
modern built landscapes as cultural products with their own materials,
codes, and concerns. Underscores landscape architecture theory's
interlocking relationship with changing societal constructions of nature,
environmentalism, and the city. Focuses on exemplary built works of
landscape architecture and their impact on, and debt to, specific design
treatises or manifestos in light of broader cultural and theoretical
practices.
Site
Planning
Introduces
the language and principles of site design. Lectures, exercises, case
studies, and field trips provide basic skills in reading the land and
building the site, including siting principles, grading, and planting.
A final design project.
Seminar:
Healing Landscapes
Investigates
various topics centered on the general theme of designed landscapes
as a means of healing human beings. Such healing is understood
in a broad sense to encompass both physical and mental infirmities.
Includes a historical overview of various healing landscapes, an examination
of healing practices in various cultures, and field trips to various
hospitals, hospices, and out-patient facilities in the Charlottesville
area.
Seminar:
Contemporary Landscape Design Theory
Explores
topics pertaining to contemporary practice studios as environmental
art, digital-media and space, etc.
Seminar:
"Race, Space and Culture"
Seminar
that explores how space relates to issues of cultural identity, foregrounding
especially the politics of racial representation and identification.
Following such themes as 1) the human/nature threshold; 2) public
properties/ private spaces; 3) the urbanizing scene; 4) racializing
memory; and 5) the color of sustainability, we examine the spatial implications
at work in theories, practices, and experiences of racial formation
as well as the racial implications at stake in our apprehensions and
conceptions of space.
Historic
Landscape Preservation
Readings
and discussion of contemporary theory and practices for preserving historic
landscapes. Evaluation of those theories and practices through a review
of select case studies.
Urban
Topographies: The Constructed Landscape
Explores
the constructed nature of the contemporary urban landscape from the
starting point of the ground. A series of landscapes that exemplify
the ambiguous quality of urban ground—as both floor and roof: "terra
firma" and made land—will be investigated through lectures,
readings, and discussions.
D.I.R.T.
Seminar: Doing Industrial Research Together
Includes
field work/visits to a variety of brownfield and industrial sites. Readings,
lectures, and class discussions focus on the evolving definition and
reclamation technologies and of the post-industrial landscape.
Seminar:
Race and American Places
Seminar
that explores the ways in which multicultural struggle-particularly
racial struggle- is manifested spatially in the built environments of
America. Examines this through readings in cultural theory and design
literature, as well as through filed trips. Relates the concepts
introduced in readings to the business of understanding how identity
politics influences the way we design and use places around us.
Construction
I: Landform and Grading
Prerequisite: L
AR 535.
Part
of a technical course sequence in landscape architecture that includes
site design, layout plan, grading plan, and drainage calculations for
a specific project. Focuses on the land as a shaped medium; applies
concepts and principles of land manipulation, grading earthwork, and
drainage in short exercises and a grading plan for a studio project.
Applied
Ecology
Studies
the structure, function, and dynamics of natural systems in both built
and unbuilt environments. Combines lectures, fieldwork, and case studies.
Emphasizes applications of ecological concepts to landscape design through
exercises using a local site.
Introduction
to Community and Environmental Planning
Analyzes
community and environmental planning in the United States; the planning
process; and sustainable communities.
Planning
Design
Studies
the principles of design; the architecture of cities and urban design;
perception of space and visual analysis; graphic presentation, including
mapping techniques; and inventories, information storage, retrieval
and use.
Information
Technology in Planning and Architecture
Develops
fundamental skills for using computers in planning and architecture.
Lectures and workshops include computing fundamentals, Internet access,
spreadsheet computation, image processing, document publication, database
management, and introduction to geographic information systems.
Neighborhoods,
Community and Regions
Explores
theories and concepts of economic, social, and cultural forces that
influence urban and regional spatial structure.
Measuring
Community Structure and Change
Analyzes
methods used in quantitative and qualitative investigations of urban
and regional settings for planning purposes.
Land,
Law and the Environment
Introduces
major legal issues surrounding land-use and development planning. Emphasizes
developing application skills in terms of zoning, subdivision, and other
land-use regulatory powers. (May be taken prior to fourth year.)
History
of Cities and Planning
An
overview of the planning profession with emphasis on 19th- and 20th-century
American urban history.
Community
Neighborhood Workshop
Explores
neighborhood, planning issues from the professionals—and citizens—perspectives.
Planning
in Government: Decisions and Alternatives
Examines
the role of planning in government decision-making. Focuses on local
government, but intergovernmental aspects of planning that influence
local decisions are also stressed. Studies planning processes, such
as transportation, community development, and social planning.
Special
Study
Elective
courses of one credit offered at the request of faculty or students
to provide an opportunity for internships, fieldwork, and independent
study.
Note Third-
and fourth-year undergraduate students may, with instructor permission,
enroll in selected 500-level courses. A partial list follows:
Basic
Graphics
Introduces
basic graphic skills used in communicating and designing in planning
situations.
Geographic
Information Systems
Reviews
the use of computers in planning, focusing on geographic information
systems for collection, analysis, and display of spatial information
in urban and environmental contexts.
Advanced
GIS Workshop
Students
apply GIS technology to examine significant issues of land, natural
resources, and the characteristics of urban development.
Planning,
Budgeting, and Finance
Evaluates
the criteria for, and processes of, making budget choices. Examines
questions about who should pay, who should benefit, who should participate,
and who should decide, along with the consequences of these choices.
Consensus
Building, Negotiation and Mediation
Examines
the processes by which consensus can be developed, focusing general
negotiation theory and skill development, including the concept of principled
negotiation; the conflict landscape, including government and non-government
organizations; and negotiation resources and opportunities, including
organizations, processes, and enabling legislation.
Special
Topics in Policy Planning
Varies
annually to fill graduate students' needs in the study of policy planning
and analyses.
Preservation
Planning
Studies
current literature on the identification, evaluation, and treatment
of historic places. Develops techniques for surveying, documenting,
evaluating, and planning for preservation. Analyzes current political,
economic, and legal issues in preservation planning.
Urban
Revitalization
Explores
the problems and potentials encountered in planning for older urban
neighborhoods and downtowns. These may range from market decline and
physical decay to intense private reinvestment and displacement. Includes
neighborhood change processes, the role of private lending institutions,
techniques for identifying economically sound housing and business opportunities
in older neighborhoods, commercial and residential revitalization techniques,
financing neighborhood improvement programs, and historic and architectural
preservation as a component of urban revitalization.
Introduction
to Housing and Community Development
Provides
an introduction to the housing and community development area of planning
practice. Topics include the housing and development industries, housing
production and distribution systems, housing demand and supply, housing
market dynamics, neighborhood change processes, housing and real estate
finance, social aspects of housing and development, and housing and
development programs and policy issues.
Economic
Development
Explores
the economy of a community or region as an essential element, along
with environment and equity, in livability and sustainability. Planners
engage economic development by working with the community to assess
needs and opportunities, through public-private business partnerships,
and in development review.
Land
Development Workshop
Explores
the land development process from the perspective of the private land
developer interacting with local governments. Includes development potential,
site, and traffic analysis; land planning; development programming;
and services to accommodate new development and public regulation of
land development.
Neighborhood
Planning
As
the building blocks of cities, neighborhood plans involve citizens in
addressing issues of housing, jobs, public services, education, recreation,
and transportation.
Development
Dynamics
Examines
the roles of developers, investors, designers, planners, and others,
identifying the objectives each have in the development decision process.
Discusses the interplay and communications of what constitutes sound
economics and good design.
Special
Topics in Housing and Community Development
Varies
annually to meet the needs of graduate students in the study of housing
and community development.
Natural
Systems and Environmental Planning
Integrates
knowledge of natural systems into local planning processes. Emphasizes
how natural systems function, the impacts that urban and land development
have on their integrity, and community-wide approaches to planning for
and managing urban development to reduce or mitigate those impacts.
Sustainable
Communities
Examines
sustainable communities and the environmental, social, economic, political,
and design standards that underlie them. Focuses on reviewing actual
case studies of cities, towns, and development projects that reflect
principles of sustainability.
Sustainable
Planning & Design Workshop
Students
act as a consultant team to develop sustainable planning and design
strategies for sites which rotate each year.
Environmental
Policy and Planning
Examines
contemporary environmental policy and practice, including exploration
of the normative-philosophical debate surrounding environmental issues.
Emphasizes understanding the political and institutional framework for
establishing policy and programs; exploring the action approaches to
environmental planning including moral suasion, regulation, public investment,
and public incentives; and case studies of environmental planning at
the federal, state, and local levels.
Environmental
Ethics and Sustainability
Detailed
exploration of the normative debate surrounding environmental issues.
Focus on the foundations of environmental economics, questions about
the value of endangered species, concerns of future generations, appropriateness
of a sustainable society, notions of stewardship, and obligations toward
equity.
Environmental
Impact Assessment
Explores
environmental assessment processes and methods from both a theoretical
and an applied perspective. Reviews the philosophy and statutory base
of the assessment process. Emphasizes the integration of that process
with broader jurisdictional planning processes.
Coastal
Planning Workshop
Explores
the special characteristics of coastal and island settings for their
planning significance. Addresses natural hazard mitigation, wetlands,
and biodiversity.
Special
Topics in Environmental Planning
Varies
annually to meet the needs of graduate students studying environmental
planning.
Land
Use Policy and Planning
Introduces
the theory and practice of land use planning and growth management as
they have evolved historically and as expressed in contemporary practice.
Addresses the need and rationale for land use planning as well as its
tools.
Design
of Cities
Cities
are physical artifacts that are experienced psychologically and socially.
This course investigates the theories surrounding these processes to
reach an understanding of humanistic urban design intentions. Experiential
realities are explored through case studies, readings, and mapping exercises.
Special
Topics in Land Use Planning
Varies
from year to year to fill graduate students' needs in the study of land
use planning.
Landscape
Preservation Workshop
Examines
the legal and practical issues involved in the conservation of rural
landscapes, including the settings of historic structures. Reviews the
justification for landscape preservation and the planning strategies
that can be employed to preserve landscapes, including land use regulations,
tax incentives, and conservation easements. Case studies of successful
landscape preservation programs are presented and discussed.
Transportation
and Land Use
Reviews
basic relationships between land use and transportation. Considers the
decision process, planning principles, impact measures, and the methodological
framework for identifying and evaluating courses in action on a regional,
local, and neighborhood scale. Projects and scale change from year to
year.
Plan
Implementation
Emphasizes the use of zoning, subdivision, and other regulations to implement comprehensive plans. Attention is given to capital facilities programming and building codes.
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