Course Descriptions

| Architecture | Architectural History | Landscape Architecture | Planning |

With faculty approval, upper level undergraduate students may be allowed to enroll in graduate courses and offer them for elective credit. These courses are described in the Graduate Studies in the School of Architecture Record, and are offered through all four departments.

Although ARCH, AR H, LAR, and PLAN courses as described below are professional courses, not all are restricted to School of Architecture students. If students outside the School of Architecture wish to enroll in one of these courses, they should first secure the approval of the faculty member offering that course. Even in professionally oriented courses some faculty members particularly encourage and welcome such participation.

Architecture

ARCH 102 - (3) (Y)
Fundamentals of Design
Introduces those aspects of design that are considered fundamental to an understanding and interpretation of architecture and the visual arts. Involves an introduction of and familiarization with drawing and presentation skills through which the students develop the precision and facility necessary for visual communication.

ARCH 201, 202 - (4) (Y)
Introduction to Architectural Design
Explores the humanistic determinants of form; architecture as both experience and formal proposition; analysis and synthesis in the design process; communication of design intentions.

ARCH 301, 302 - (6) (Y)
Architectural Design
Prerequisites: ARCH 201, 202
Architectural design conceptualization and synthesis. Relationship of building, site, and basic technology as determinants in architectural form. The integration of various disciplines and concerns in the design of a complete building.

ARCH 303 - (4) (Y)
Building I
Introduces the technology involved in the design and construction of buildings, emphasizing the nature of materials and their practical assembly. A parallel intention to Architecture as a Covenant (ARCH 101), and Fundamentals of Design (ARCH 102) it presents a vocabulary that interrelates history, theory, and technology.

ARCH 304 - (4) (Y)
Building II
Examines architectural-technical relationships involving designed thermal and luminous environments. Includes fundamental principles of thermal flow in the natural and built environment through studies of climate, human comfort, building siting and envelope design, and mechanical systems functions. Natural and artificial lighting is examined as a visual experience and correlated to illuminance and luminance measurements.

ARCH 308 - (3) (Y)
Architectural Theory and Ethics
Architectural theory acts as a critical discourse parallel to practice, as its conscience and provocation. Buildings, landscapes and manifestos by architects are scrutinized for significant, recurring themes using methods from aesthetics, philosophy and criticism. Course relies upon reading, writing and argument to develop an analytic approach which bridges the gap between architectural knowledge and other forms of knowledge.

ARCH 324 - (4) (Y)
Introduction to Structural Design
Prerequisite: Physics 203A or approved equivalent college-level physics.
This is a first course in structures for undergraduates. The course seeks to develop analytic and critical skills through both mathematical and visual investigation of structures. Course topics include statics, mechanics of materials, computer-based structural analysis, and design and behavior of basic structural elements and systems.

ARCH 389/589 - (3) (Y)
Environmental Choices
A multi-disciplinary, basic environmental education course open to everyone in the University concerning the many-dimensioned and deeply rooted nature of our environmental dilemma. Students attend two hours of lecture per week contributed by representatives of various disciplines and points of view. There is one hour of small group discussion.

ARCH 401 - (6) (Y)
Architectural Design
Prerequisites: ARCH 301, 302
Architectural design problems of complex programs and intermediate scale emphasizing circulation, formal intent and specialized technology, historic and contemporary urban contexts.

ARCH 402 - (6) (Y)
Architectural Design
Prerequisite: ARCH 401
An architectural studio comprehensive in scope and method, but specialized in content. Topical concentration for the entire semester in the areas of urban design, theoretical analysis, adaptive use of old buildings, architectural design, housing and technology.

ARCH 406 - (4) (Y)
Building III
Explores the relationship between the technology of contemporary construction and the social, political and economic forces which form the context of architectural practice. Examines the ethical responsibilities of the architect with respect to the unique tools and knowledge of the discipline.

ARCH 407 - (3) (Y)
Thesis Preparation
Development of an architectural studies thesis topic including literature search, sources and research procedures.

ARCH 485 - (3) (Y)
Teaching Experience
Selected students lead a seminar (of 8 to 10 younger students each) for "Covenant" and "Fundamentals." All student assistants attend class lectures (for a second time) and then meet with their seminar groups weekly leading discussions of topics and questions raised by the instructor.

ARCH 509 - (2) (Y)
Figure Drawing
Hones the faculty of seeing and the skill of drawing through drawing the human figure.

ARCH 511 - (3) (Y)
Design Approaches to Existing Sites
Explores a variety of approaches by designers to the contexts of their work. Works examined include buildings, urban infrastructure, and lanscape interventions. Includes lectures, discussions, and case study presentations by visitors and students.

ARCH 524 - (3) (Y)
Introduction to Structural Design
Prerequisites: Physics 203A or approved equivalent college-level physics.
A first course in structures for undergraduates and for graduate students with degrees in other disciplines. The course seeks to develop analytic and critical skills through both mathematical and visual investigation of structures. Topics include statics, mechanics of materials, computer-based structural analysis, and design and behavior of basic structural elements and systems.

ARCH 525 - (4) (Y)
Environmental Control Systems and Building Services
Study of the fundamental principles applied to the design of the thermal and luminous environments, as well as the plumbing/drainage and electrical systems. A studio project is selected for additional analysis and design development focusing on the energy conscious building envelope, mechanical systems selection, natural and artificial lighting schemes, and the building services layout.

ARCH 527 - (3) (Y)
Energy Systems
The investigation and comparative analysis of energy consumption patterns before and after energy conserving retrofits were implemented in existing buildings. Current and future development trends in energy conservation technologies are explored. Emphasis is also placed on passive solar analysis and design methodology followed by an application to a studio problem.

ARCH 528 - (3) (Y)
Lighting Design
Development of knowledge and skills in lighting design through the study of exemplary buildings, design exercises, case studies and analysis of lighting design issues and their synthesis through design.

ARCH 532 - (3) (IR)
Analysis of Modern Houses
Investigates important modern houses from 1900 to the present time. Involves the analysis of their architectural character and principles as well as derivation and influence. Among those selected for study are works by Wright, LeCorbusier, Rietveld, Schindler, Kahn, Botta and Ando.

ARCH 534 - (3) (Y)
Construction Management
Provides future architects, engineers, lawyers, and developers with an overall understanding of the construction process for commercial, industrial, and institutional type projects. Follows the history of a typical commercial, industrial, or institutional project from selection of architect to final completion of the construction. Topics include: design cost control, cost estimating, bidding procedures, bonds and insurance, contracts and sub-contracts, progress scheduling, fiscal controls, payment requests, submittals, change orders, inspections, overall project administration, and continuing architect-owner-contractor relationships. Lectures and related field trips.

ARCH 535 - (3) (Y)
Design Construction Drawing
Immerses the students in the process of production of construction drawings by asking them to organize and produce a complete set of drawings that embodies and describes the design intent and construction of a given building. Examines alternative construction techniques, develop details, and produces a set of construction drawings which would yield a well-built structure whose design intent is clear.

ARCH 538 - (3) (Y)
Construction and Modernism
Broadly discusses the role of construction in design, with particular emphasis on industrialization and its impact on architecture in this century. Emphasis on the ideals and the reality of industrialization and mass production, and the ways in which this has and does effect architectural form, both in a direct, constructional way, and in a conceptional, imaginative way.

ARCH 541/542 - (3) (S)
Computer Aided Architectural Design
Explores design worlds made accessible through computer based media. Provides a theoretical framework for computer aided design, describes current and speculates on advanced methods. Workshop focuses on computer based 3D geometrical modeling, including photo-realistic and abstract methods of rendering, materials simulation, texture mapping, reflection mapping, image-processing, color-table manipulation, photo-montage, lighting, animation, and combined media applications.

ARCH 544 - (2) (SS)
Computer Graphics and Design Application
Application of geometrical modeling to design problem solving using an array of solid modeling, geometrical modeling, rendering and image processing tools.

ARCH 545 (3) (Y)
Architectural Simulation
Prerequisite: ARCH 541/542 or 544, or permission of instructor
Explores the simulation of architecture, urban design and environmental design through movie making. Examines parallels between the treatment of motion in movies and the treatment of motion in design. These parallels include how movie makers and designers may treat the space-time continuum, three-dimensional depth, movement, change over time, lighting and montage. Further examines movie making as a medium for design exploration, for architectural aesthetic expression, and for undertaking a critical analysis of design.

ARCH 548 - (3) (Y)
Computables of Architectural Design
A seminar on the computability of design methods that explores the quantitative basis and geometrical order of forms occurring in nature and architecture. Instructions, exercises and examples of coding in a programming language is covered during the first two thirds of the term. Students develop a case study in design methods that extends a CAD system as the basis for a computational project in the last third of the term. It is not assumed that students know any programming. The pace of the subject is individually adapted for any student who has previous experience.

ARCH 551 - (3) (Y)
Cubism and the Nineteen-Teens: The
Infrastructure of Modernism
Centers on four principal aspects of modern architecture's essential intellectual substructure and history: Cubism, Futurism, Formalism, and Neo-Plasticism/De Stijl. Themes are delineated by revealing the importance of the first two decades of the twentieth century with the structure of architecture's relationship to three fundamental things: its own traditions and history, other arts - especially plastic and literary, and nature, which involves the larger problem of art and the double dilemma of representation/abstraction and form/content.

ARCH 559 - (3) (Y)
City Design
Introduces the issues of contemporary city design. Examines methods of analyzing urban form, large scale organizational concepts, aesthetic opportunities, and methods of implementation that may be used to shape the sensuous qualities of our cities. Recognizing that social, economic, and environmental issues often determine city design, the course emphasizes the design opportunities inherent in these concerns. The intent is to understand what we have done to improve what we will do.

ARCH 560 - (3) (Y)
Issues in Colonial Architecture and Urbanism
Examines the didactic relationship between architecture, urbanism and colonial development, specifically focusing on the design and development of European colonial cities in North Africa in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Examined are such topics as: the relationship between architectural imagery and ideology, ideas of "Modernism" and "Universal Culture" and the role of architecture and urban design in the process of colonial development. Although this course examines the relationship between non-Western (Islamic) and Western architecture and urban structure, it is not intended as a survey of Islamic or Modern architecture, but rather seeks to explore their relationship in theory and practice to one another.

ARCH 561 - (3) (Y)
Gulf Coast/I-10 Analysis and Image
Explores the nature of this geography, its cultural and economic conditions, narrative, and in general, those conditions that make up its genus loci.

ARCH 563 - (2) (IR)
Design of Cities
Cities are physical artifacts which are experienced psychologically and socially. This course investigates the theories surrounding these processes to reach an understanding of humanistic urban design intentions. Experiential realities are explored through case studies, readings, and mapping exercises.

ARCH 565/566 - (3) (Y)
Photography
The photographic image is used as a means of discussing and exploring the relationship between ideas and representation. This exploration begins with an analysis and presentation of compositional and thematic issues in the work of significant photographs throughout history. Film and paper exposure, processing and printing are discussed.

ARCH 567 - (3) (Y)
Scandinavian Modern Architecture: Continuity and Transformation
A seminar on 20th century Scandinavian Architecture (1900-1965), using reading and writing to develop critical faculties. Thematic topics, criticism, and manifestos by architects are introduced by informal lectures followed by discussions of the assigned readings.

ARCH 568 - (3) (Y)
Contemporary Architectural Theory
Readings and lectures cover the period from 1966 to the present, tracing the development of postmodernism, post-structuralism and other current movements in architecture. Reference is made to other disciplines, the influence of criticism, the role of the media, and distinctions between theory, criticism, and style.

ARCH 574 - (6) (Y)
Independent Study
Study of selected topics related to coursework in Venice.

ARCH 578 - (0) (Y)
Programs Abroad Seminar
Orientation for Architecture School programs in England and Italy.

ARCH 581/582 - (3) (Y)
Architectural Crafts
Provides the opportunity to apply design process and theory to the design and construction of furniture. Jointing, finishing, and construction techniques are investigated. No prior experience with tools is required.

ARCH 585 - (3) (SS)
Term Projects
Design investigations carried out in the city of Vicenza. Vicenza program.

ARCH 588 - (3) (Y)
Great Cities of the World
What are the qualities of great cities? Why are they compelling places today, often centuries after their formative periods? What qualities are unique to each and what are common to all? Are these qualities relevant today as we design and plan contemporary cities? How are they as environments in which to live, work, grow up, and seek pleasure? What design strategies have been employed to shape neighborhoods, civic spaces, and movement routes? These are some of the questions addressed in this seminar.

ARCH 589 - (2) (Y)
Environmental Choices
A multi-disciplinary, basic environmental education course which attempts to expose the many dimensioned and deeply rooted nature of our environmental dilemma. Students attend three hours of lecture per week contributed by a wide range of speakers representing various disciplines and points of view, and one hour of small group discussion.

Architectural History

AR H 101 - (3) (Y)
History of Architecture: Ancient, Medieval and Early Renaissance
Traces the development of western architecture from prehistoric times into the Renaissance. The historical context within which this development occurred is stressed as architecture is studied as a response to, and mirror of the society which produced it.

AR H 102 - (3) (Y)
History of Architecture: Renaissance to Modern
Prerequisite: AR H 100 or 101
The history of architecture and allied arts from 1500 to the present day. The focus is on Europe but the United States is included.

AR H 150 - (3) (Y)
Thomas Jefferson's Architecture
A survey of Jefferson's architectural world with special emphasis on the Lawn.

AR H 331 - (3) (Y)
Medieval Architecture
The architecture of western Europe from the fourth to fifteenth centuries.

AR H 341 - (3) (Y)
Italian Renaissance Architecture 1400-1550
The development of classicism in Italy between 1400 and 1550.

AR H 342 - (3) (Y)
Italian Architecture, 1550-1750
Developments in classicism in Italy between 1550 and the advent of neoclassicism.

AR H 343 - (3) (Y)
European Classical Architecture Outside Italy, 1400-1750
The development of classicism primarily in France, England, and Germany between 1400 and 1750.

AR H 351 - (3) (Y)
Early American Architecture
A survey of American architecture from the first European contact to the death of Jefferson. Lectures and field trips.

AR H 352 - (3) (Y)
Nineteenth Century American Architecture
A survey of American architecture from 1776 to 1914.

AR H 353 - (3) (Y)
Twentieth Century American Architecture
A survey of American architecture emphasizing the development of modernism.

AR H 361 - (3) (Y)
Nineteenth Century European Architecture and Theory
The development of architecture in nineteenth-century Europe with particular attention to France, England and Germany.

AR H 371 - (3) (Y)
History of Urban Form
A review of city building with special emphasis on the relationship between political theory and architectural and urban form. Limited to western development, and is meant to provide a background for understanding current theory and practice.

AR H 382 - (3) (Y)
East-West Architecture
A study of cultural exchanges and interactions in architecture between East and West. Major events and master architects like F.L. Wright and L. Kahn who contributed to the exchanges are discussed. The forms and meaning of East-West architecture are compared.

AR H 489 - (3) (SI)
Independent Studies in Architectural History
Prerequisite: Approval of instructor
Advanced work on independent research topics by individual students. Departmental approval of the topic is required.

AR H 490 - (3) (S)
Major Special Study
Special directed reading course for majors completing their independent study.

AR H 515 - (3) (Y)
Historical Archaeology
Study of the theory, problems, and techniques of the archaeology of the American Colonial past on the Atlantic seaboard. Field trips.

AR H 580 - (2-3) (IR)
Selected Topics in Architectural History
Prerequisite: Approval of instructor
Special topics pursued in a colloquium.

AR H 581 - (3) (Y)
Architecture of East Asia
A survey and introduction of traditional architecture and allied arts in China, Japan and Korea. Study of the main features, major monuments of East Asian architecture and landscape architecture.

AR H 585 - (3) (Y)
World Buddhist Architecture
The history of Buddhist architecture and allied arts in the Buddhist world which includes east, south and southeast Asia. Lecture starts from the Indian stupas and ends in Japanese Zen gardens.

AR H 587 - (3) (O)
Modern Japanese Architecture
The history of architecture in modern Japan from Meiji period to contemporary. Focus on the post-WWII development. The major influential architects like Tange, Kikutake, Maki, Isozaki, Kurokawa and Ando are discussed.

AR H 590 - (3) (Y)
Historic Preservation Theory and Practice
Surveys the history of preservation focusing upon the changing nature of preservation ideals and practice. Preservation is discussed in the context of cultural history and the changing relationship between existing buildings and landscapes and attitudes toward history, memory, and invented tradition.

AR H 592 - (3) (Y)
Community History Workshop
Undertakes an in-depth historical analysis of the architecture, urban form, and planning of a selected community. The investigation focuses upon the historical significance of the built landscape as an element in and an expression of the social and cultural life of the community.

AR H 594 - (3) (Y)
Community Public History Seminar
Explores a variety of approaches to conveying the architectural and cultural history of a community to a diverse public constituency. Builds upon the analysis developed in the Community History Workshop (AR H 592). Also analyzes the preservation implications of the work undertaken in collaboration with students in the Preservation Studio.

ARCH 512 - (3) (IR)
Architectural Surveys
Identification of the location of early roadways in Albemarle County has defined a context that provides clues to the documentation of the material culture or architectural pattern (e.g., plantation houses, barns and outbuildings, taverns, mills, churches, schools, stores, depots) associated with it through time.

ARCH 513 - (4) (Y)
Measured Drawings
Prerequisites: ARCH 201/202 or 501/502
Graphic recording techniques as employed by the Historic American Buildings Survey along with archival research.

ARCH 515 - (3) (Y)
Technology, Materials and Conservation of Traditional Buildings
Principles of inspection, diagnosis, and treatment of older buildings from an engineering perspective. Emphasis is on materials and structural behavior of masonry, concrete, wood, and metals. Lectures and field work.

ARCH 516 - (4) (Y)
Preservation of Jeffersonian Architecture
Examines the Jeffersonian buildings on the grounds within the restoration program now underway in the Academical Village. A hands-on study of the buildings and their care, which examines the buildings within the context of their own historical origins and life span, then broadens that literary and cultural understanding with intensive site investigation, otherwise known as building archaeology. Where problems have arisen or where changes in the buildings must be made, alternative solutions are explored.

ARCH 517 - (3) (Y)
Regional Architecture
Examines regional Virginia architecture through slide lectures and field trips with emphasis on stylistic and technical features. Serves as an overview of Virginia architecture while concentrating in detail on the Piedmont region.

ARCH 522 - (3) (Y)
Victorian Technology
Survey of the dramatic changes in building, transportation, and communications technology that occurred in America between 1870 and 1920. Developments such as steel, reinforced concrete, electricity, telephones, directly affected building design and construction.

ARCH 536 - (3) (Y)
Performance of Building Materials
Study of the performance of materials as influenced by their properties and the environment. Topics include the following: characterization of materials as elements, compounds, and minerals; mechanical properties of materials; physical properties of materials; moisture movement in materials; characteristics and performance of wood, masonry, concrete, metals, reinforced concrete and glass.

Landscape Architecture

L AR 313 - (3) (Y)
History of American Landscape Architecture
Study of the historical evolution of the American landscape from the seventeenth century to the present with emphasis on the spatial organization of elements in the landscape: farms, transportation networks, towns, residences, recreation areas, factories and new forms of collective settlements.

L AR 507 - (4) (Y)
Plants and Environment
Study of plant types and characteristics in natural and designed environments. Emphasizes field identification and ecological associations.

L AR 509 - (3) (Y)
Landscape Architectural Drawing and Representation
Study of the fundamentals of both technical and artistic drawing. Includes techniques of drafting, lettering, perspective and orthographic projection, shadow casting and reflection drawing. Freehand sketching and rendering techniques are included.

L AR 510 - (3) (IR)
Advanced Landscape Graphics
Study of the fundamentals of technical and artistic drawing, with particular attention to rendering techniques in various color media (watercolor, pastel, color pencils).

L AR 512 - (3) (Y)
History of European and Asian Landscape Architecture
Examines landscape architecture as an expression of cultural values. Rather than attempt a broad survey of numerous works of a period, the lectures concentrate on a few prototypical examples. Particular emphasis on Ancient Egypt, 16th Century Italy, 17th Century France, 18th Century Britain, 19th Century America, and 17th Century Japan. Comparative case studies are complemented by primary and secondary source readings.

L AR 513 - (3) (Y)
History of American Landscape Architecture
A study of the development of American landscape architecture from the seventeenth century to the present, with emphasis on seminal figures—Jefferson, Downing, Olmsted, Platt, Farrand, Jensen, and selected contemporary designers.

L AR 514 - (3) (Y)
Introduction to Theories of Modern Landscape Architecture
This lecture course seeks to interpret modern built landscapes as cultural products, with their own materials, codes and concerns and, at the same time, to underscore landscape architecture theory's interlocking relationship with changing societal constructions of nature, environmentalism and the city. Focuses on exemplary built works of landscape architecture and their impact on, and debt to, specific design treatises or manifestos as well as broader cultural and theoretical practices.

L AR 517 - (3) (Y)
Site Planning
A technical course teaching the fundamental language and principles of site planning and site engineering. A series of lectures and exercises introduces basic grading, drainage and landscape development principles leading to their application to a land planning proposal which resolves a program for development with an interpretation of the environmental limitations of the land.

L AR 520 - (3) (Y)
Healing Landscapes
An investigation of various topics centered on the general theme of designed landscapes as a means of "healing" human beings. Such healing is understood in a broad sense to encompass both bodily and mental infirmities. The seminar includes a historical overview of various healing landscapes, an examination of ancient literature on the subject, and field trips to various hospitals, hospices and out-patient facilities in the Charlottesville area.

L AR 521 - (3) (IR)
Seminar in Landscape Art
Readings and discussions of the evolution of environmental art and land sculpture as it relates to landscape architecture.

L AR 522 - (3) (IR)
The Moral Landscape
Readings and discussions on landscape as a cultural construct. Examines how nationalistic, religious, political, scientific, economic, and ecological values are attributed to landscape.

L AR 523 - (3) (IR)
Historic Landscape Preservation

L AR 525 - (4) (Y)
Grading and Drainage
Prerequisite: L AR 535
Includes site design, layout plan, grading plan, and drainage calculations for a specific project.

L AR 535 - (4) (Y)
Introduction to Sites
An inquiry into the natural structure and systems of sites and how they inform design forms and processes. Introduction to computer mapping and analysis (GIS).

Planning

PLAN 201, 202 - (4) (Y)
Planning Design
Principles of design. The architecture of cities and urban design. Perception of space and visual analysis. Graphic presentation, including mapping techniques. Inventories, information storage, retrieval and use.

PLAN 204 - (3) (Y)
Sustainable Development
Principles and processes; concepts of environmental protection and resource conservation through planning.

PLAN 211 - (3) (Y)
Information Technology in Planning
Fundamental skills for using computers in planning are developed through lectures and workshops. The programming of spreadsheets employs principles of computation, data storage, file management, macro programming and application development. Presentation and drawing tools are explored using computer assisted graphing and mapping. Introduces topics such as Geographic Information Systems, Computer Assisted Design, and impact of information technology on society and work places.

PLAN 303 - (3) (Y)
Neighborhoods, Community and Regions
Exploration of theories and concepts of economic, social, and cultural forces which influence urban and regional spatial structure.

PLAN 305 - (3) (Y)
Mapping a Community's Future
Theory and application of methods used in quantitative investigations of urban and regional settings for planning purposes. Topics include: population forecasting, demographic, and housing, and economic analysis, urban activity models, and program and plan evaluation. The laboratory portion of the course requires computer skills.

PLAN 306 - (3) (Y)
Land, Law and the Environment
Introduces major legal issues surrounding land-use and development planning. Emphasizes developing application skills in terms of zoning, subdivision, and other land-use regulatory powers. (May be taken prior to fourth year.)

PLAN 404 - (3) (Y)
Planning in Government: Decisions and Alternatives
Examines the role of planning in government decision-making. Emphasis is on local government, but intergovernmental aspects of planning that influence local decisions are also stressed. Transportation, community development, and social planning are examples of planning processes that are studied.

PLAN 481, 483, 484 - (1-4) (SI)
Special Study
Elective courses of one credit offered at the request of faculty or students to provide an opportunity for internships, fieldwork, and independent study.

Note: Third- and fourth-year undergraduate students may, with permission of the instructor, enroll in selected graduate-level courses. A partial list is included below.

PLAN 501 - (4) (Y)
Urban Design
Methods of urban design analysis, stressing observational and representational methods, are applied, with special emphasis on relationships among the public and private buildings, spaces, and transportation corridors in commercial centers.

PLAN 503 - (1) (Y)
Basic Graphics
Introduction to basic graphic skills used in communicating and designing in planning situations.

PLAN 505 - (3) (O)
Design of Cities
The development of coherent physical form of cities as a result of formal models, geographic landscape and intentioned human use is explored focusing on how man uses and experiences the city and the underlying rationale for city design principles.

PLAN 512 - (3) (Y)
Computers in Planning: GIS
The use of the computer in urban management and planning, including implications for various planning, engineering, and administrative functions of the public sector are reviewed. Problems in geographic data processing, data base management, statistical analysis, computer graphics, and simulation require some previous computer programming ability.

PLAN 522 - (3) (IR)
Planning, Budgeting, and Finance
Emphasizes evaluating the merit of various criteria and processes of making budget choices. Questions about who should pay, who should benefit, who should participate, and who should decide are examined along with what the consequences are of these choices.

PLAN 524 - (3) (Y)
Negotiating Public Policy Issues
Examines the processes by which policy is and ought to be negotiated, focusing on three principal elements: (1) general negotiation theory and skill development, including the concept of "principled" negotiation; (2) the conflict landscape, including government and non- government organizations; and (3) negotiation resources and opportunities, including organizations, processes, and enabling legislation.

PLAN 529 - (3) (IR)
Special Topics in Policy Planning
The selected topics vary from year to year to fill graduate students’ needs in the study of Policy Planning and analyses.

PLAN 530 - (3) (Y)
Preservation Planning
Deals with current literature on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of historic places. Develops techniques for surveying, documenting, evaluating, and planning for preservation. Analyzes current issues in preservation planning. Develops a preservation policy or plan for a small municipality.

PLAN 531 - (3) (IR)
Development and Design
Provides students with a fundamental understanding of the analytical tools, design concepts, and financial and economic principals that can lead to financially and aesthetically optimal and creative development projects. Emphasizes the integration of design and economic principles related to large-scale design and land development.

PLAN 532 - (3) (IR)
Development, Preservation, and Conservation
Techniques for the reconciliation of the tug-of-war between private and public sector missions and goals are stressed. Emphasizes practical strategies for design, as well as economic and legal elements that represent a balanced approach to the distribution of the risks, rewards, benefits, and impacts of alternative development scenarios.

PLAN 534 - (3) (IR)
Neighborhood Revitalization
Problems and potentials encountered in planning for older established urban neighborhoods are explored. These may range from market decline and physical decay to intense private reinvestment and displacement. Major topics include neighborhood change processes, the role of private lending institutions in neighborhood change, techniques for identifying economically sound housing and business opportunities in older neighborhoods, neighborhood commercial and residential revitalization techniques, financing neighborhood improvement programs, and historic and architectural preservation as a component of neighborhood revitalization.

PLAN 536 - (3) (SI)
African-American Community Development
Investigates a process of community development for its application to urban African-American districts. Seeks to achieve the general purpose through fulfillment of the following specific objectives: (1) develop a model for urban African-American district community development; and (2) discuss the various roles of participants in the community development process.

PLAN 540 - (3) (Y)
Introduction to Housing and Community Development
Provides a basic introduction to the housing and community development area of planning practice. Topics include the housing and development industries, housing production and distribution systems, housing demand and supply, housing market dynamics, neighborhood change processes, housing and real estate finance, social aspects of housing and development, and housing and development programs and policy issues.

PLAN 542 - (3) (O)
Problems in Community Development
Specific problems selected vary each semester. Problems which may be explored include urban redevelopment, urban economic development, large-scale land development, site design, and new communities, among others. Planning and research reports may be prepared for real or simulated situations.

PLAN 543 - (4) (E)
Land Development Workshop
Process of land development is examined from the point of view of the private land developer interacting with local governments. Includes development potential analysis, site analysis, traffic analysis, land planning, development programming, public and private services to accommodate new development and public regulation of land development.

PLAN 544 - (3) (Y)
State and Local Housing Policies
The role of local and state government in providing housing is discussed. Includes how to formulate and implement a housing plan. Various other topics such as syndication, public housing, rehabilitation, rent control, tenant landlord legislation, etc. may be discussed.

PLAN 547 - (3) (SI)
Development Dynamics
The process of land development is explored. The roles of developers, investors, designers, planners, and others are examined identifying the objectives each have in the development decision process. The interplay and communications of what constitutes sound economics and good design are discussed.

PLAN 548 - (3) (IR)
Impacts of Land Development
Techniques for assessing the environmental, economic, fiscal, public service, and social impacts of large-scale land development projects are presented and applied in actual case studies. Public policy issues in impact evaluation and the role of impact assessment in technical and political decision-making are also explored.

PLAN 549 - (3) (IR)
Special Topics in Housing and Community Development
The selected material varies from year to year to meet the needs of graduate students in the study of housing and community development.

PLAN 550 - (3) (Y)
Natural Systems and Environmental Planning
Integrating knowledge of natural systems into local planning processes is the focus of this course. A basic understanding of how natural systems function, the impacts that urban and land development have on their integrity and community-wide approaches to planning for and managing urban development to reduce or mitigate these impacts are topics that each receive equal treatment.

PLAN 551 - (3) (Y)
Sustainable Communities
Examination of what sustainable communities are, and the environmental, social, economic, political and design standards that underlie them. Attention devoted to reviewing actual case studies of cities, towns and development projects that reflect principles of sustainability.

PLAN 553 - (3) (Y)
Environmental Policy and Planning
Examines contemporary environmental policy and practice including exploration of the normative-philosophical debate surrounding environmental issues. Attention to understanding the political and institutional framework for establishing policy and programs and exploring the action approaches to environmental planning including moral suasion, regulation, public investment and public incentives. Case studies of environmental planning at the federal, state and local levels.

PLAN 554 - (3) (Y)
Environmental Values and Ethics
Detailed exploration of the normative debate surrounding environmental issues. Foundations of environmental economics, questions about the value of endangered species, concerns of future generations, appropriateness of a sustainable society, notions of stewardship and obligations toward equity receive attention.

PLAN 555 - (3) (SI)
Environmental Impact Assessment
Explores environmental assessment processes and methods from both a theoretical and applied perspective. The philosophy and statutory base of the assessment process are reviewed. The integration of the assessment process with the broader planning processes for a jurisdiction receive emphasis.

PLAN 556 - (3) (IR)
Third World Environmental Planning and Management
Examines the major ecological and environmental planning principles governing the maintenance of biological diversity, role of agriculture, conservation efforts, socio-economic considerations, wildlife management, and urbanization in Third World countries.

PLAN 557 - (3) (IR)
Environmental Planning and Community Design
Processes of community planning and design incorporating important considerations of the natural environment are the subjects of this applied course. Analysis of environmental resources and constraints predicates design of development policies and projects for a specific local community.

PLAN 558 - (3) (IR)
Planning for Biodiversity
This seminar focuses on the threats to species and biological diversity worldwide and examines the planning strategies available to protect and preserve these resources.

PLAN 559 - (3) (IR)
Special Topics in Environmental Planning
The selected material varies from year to year to meet the needs of graduate students studying environmental planning.

PLAN 560 - (3) (IR)
Land and Community
Explores the role of land as a resource, commodity, property right, community asset, as an environmental medium intimately connected with water and air, and as a source of ideological and political and even military conflict. The aim is to provide a fuller understanding of the current context of public policy and public policy dialogue on land allocation processes.

PLAN 561 - (3) (IR)
Land Use Planning and Design
Explores land use design issues involved with site-specific development plans of different scales.

PLAN 562 - (3) (Y)
Comprehensive Planning Problems
Explores the comprehensive planning process by employing it in an actual study of a Virginia jurisdiction.

PLAN 565 - (3) (IR)
Growth Management
Examines issues related to recent attempts to regulate the rate and location of development activity. Land use, fiscal, economic, social, environmental, political, and legal considerations in growth management strategies are compared to the alternative of non-managed growth. Efforts at economic development are treated as one type of growth management. Case studies and the growing body of literature on growth management techniques employed in a number of jurisdictions are discussed.

PLAN 566 - (3) (IR)
State Land Use Planning
Examines the planning process behind state land management programs. The history of state-level planning is discussed along with detailed examination of a number of specific states. Also covered is the impact of federal legislation on state land management.

PLAN 568 - (3) (IR)
Strategic Development Planning
Development planning addresses the relationships among land uses and the local government's role in achieving public, including social, purposes in physical terms. Strategic planning usually involves determining a jurisdiction's highest priorities and designing policies and programs to achieve them within the context of political conflict and competition among local jurisdictions.

PLAN 569 - (3) (IR)
Special Topics in Land Use Planning
Selected topics vary from year to year to fill graduate students’ needs in the study of Land Use Planning.

PLAN 570 - (3) (IR)
Introduction to Transportation Planning
A general overview of the transportation planning process is presented with special emphasis on comprehensive transportation plans, public transportation, and special problem areas in the transportation field.

PLAN 571 - (3) (SI)
Landscape Preservation
Examines the legal and practical issues involved in the conservation of rural landscapes including the settings of historic structures. Reviews the justification for landscape preservation, and the various planning strategies which could be employed to preserve landscapes, including land use regulations, tax incentives, and conservation easements, among others. Case studies of successful landscape preservation programs are presented and discussed.

PLAN 572 - (3) (IR)
Transportation and Land Use
Reviews basic relationships between land use and transportation. Consideration given to the decision process, planning principles, impact measures, and a methodological framework for identifying and evaluating courses in action at regional, local, and neighborhood scale. Projects and scale change from year to year.

PLAN 575 - (3) (IR)
Community Facilities Planning
Focus is on the detailed development of plans for functions provided by local government jurisdictions including schools, public safety, water, and sewer. The detailed plans including fiscal implications are then considered as a unit to develop a comprehensive capital improvement program for the locale.

PLAN 577 - (3) (IR)
Plan Implementation
Use of zoning and subdivision regulations to implement comprehensive plans is emphasized. Some attention is paid to capital facilities programming and building codes.

PLAN 589 - (3) (Y)
Environmental Choices
A survey of current environmental concerns, considering traditional and modern views of man's physical and spiritual place in nature. Explores the challenging ethical problems which now confront planners, landscape architects, architects, historians and others at the professional level as well as at the personal level.

• Continue to Chapter 8: McIntire School of Commerce
• Return to the School of Architecture.
• Review current course listings in the Course Offering Directory.