Course Descriptions

EVSC 101 - (3) (Y)
Introduction to Environmental Sciences
Introduces the principles and basic facts of the natural environment. Topics include earth materials, land forms, weather and climate, vegetation and soils, and the processes of environmental change and their implications to economic and human systems.

EVSC 120 - (3) (Y)
Elements of Ecology
A basic introduction to the science of ecology and its application to current environmental issues. A number of topics relating to population growth and regulation, biodiversity, sustainability, and global change are used as a framework to investigate basic ecological principles. Emphasis is placed on the application of basic science to the understanding and mitigation of current environmental problems.

EVSC 140 - (3) (Y)
Water on Earth
Study of the natural history of the Earth's hydrosphere, including its origin, evolution, and importance in Earth processes. Introduction to the hydrological cycle and the role of water in a variety of Earth processes. Discusses human influences on the hydrosphere and current topics in hydrological science and water resources, such as contamination and resource allocation, with an emphasis on the scientific basis for past, present, and future decisions.

EVSC 148 - (3) (Y)
Resources and the Environment
Explores the the impact of people on the environment in the past and present with projections for the future. Addresses the phenomena and effects of food and energy production and industrial processes. Topics include lead pollution, acid rain, the greenhouse effect, and the disposal of radioactive waste. Course format demonstrates how the environment works in the absence of humans and then discusses how human use of resources perturbs the environment.

EVSC 161 - (3) (SS)
Land Use and Environmental Impact
Introduction to atmospheric, hydrologic, geologic and biologic process effecting land usage. Analysis of land use change due to physical and economic processes.

EVSC 181 - (3) (Y)
Climate Change: Past and Future
Exploration of past changes of the Earth's climate system (atmosphere, oceans, vegetation, land surface and ice sheets) caused by changes in atmospheric CO₂, the strength of the sun, the Earth's orbit around the sun, volcanic eruptions, and plate tectonics. Future climate change is projected based on past changes.

EVSC 183 - (3) (O)
Geography and Resources of Africa
Study of significant natural features of the African continent and their relationship to human endeavors. Foci include the Nile river, Sahara/Sahel region, East African Rift, and the resources of individual regions. Emphasizes geological and climatological phenomena.

EVSC 201 - (3) (S)
Materials That Shape Civilizations
Review of the structure, properties, methods of production, uses, and world supply of the materials on which present and past civilizations have been based; including materials used in heavy industry, construction, communications, medicine, as well as textiles and naturally occurring organic materials. Special emphasis given to effects of environment on materials and energy relationships.

EVSC 210 - (3) (Y)
Beaches, Coasts and Rivers
Study of the geologic framework and biophysical processes of the coastal zone, and the role of the major river systems in modifying the coastal environment. Emphasizes human modifications, including case studies along the Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific coasts.

EVSC 215-- (3) (Y)
Introduction to Oceanography
Analysis of the basic principles which govern the world's oceans and their integration into an understanding of the major marine environments. Associated topics include marine pollution, global climate, and marine policy.

EVSC 250 - (3) (Y)
Man's Atmospheric Environment
Long-term global climatic controls and short-term severe weather events such as hurricanes and tornadoes are treated in terms of the physical laws governing the motions of the atmosphere and the energy driving the system. Climatic and atmospheric events which severely impact upon human behavior are discussed. Explores responses by early and modern man to perturbations in the weather and climate. Examines utilization of renewable energy residing in the sun, wind, and water; and advertent and inadvertent weather modification.

EVSC 280 - (3) (S)
Physical Geology
Prerequisite: None; recommended: at least one semester of college chemistry with lab such as CHEM 141, 142
Studies the composition, structure, and internal processes of earth; the classification, origin, and distribution of earth materials; earth's interior; and the interpretation of geological data for the solution of problems of the natural environment.

EVSC 280L - (1) (S)
Physical Geology Laboratory
Corequisite: EVSC 280
Field and laboratory experimentation into the nature of earth materials and processes especially as applied to use and human problems.

EVSC 320 - (3) (S)
Fundamentals of Ecology
Prerequisites: One semester of calculus; recommended: at least one semester of college-level chemistry and biology with labs such as CHEM 141, 142, and BIOL 202
Study of energy flow and nutrient cycling and allocation in natural ecosystems. Organization of species at the population and community levels. Interaction between man and the biosphere.

EVSC 320L - (1) (S)
Fundamentals of Ecology Laboratory
Corequisite: EVSC 320
Field and laboratory experimentation illustrative of ecological systems, and their checks, balances, and cycles.

EVSC 340 - (3) (Y)
Physical Hydrology
Prerequisites: One semester of calculus
Study of the physical principles governing the flow of water on and beneath the earth's surface. Includes fundamental concepts of fluid dynamics applied to the description of open channel hydraulics, ground water hydraulics, and dynamics of soil moisture. Provides an introduction to elements of surface water and ground water hydrology. Explores man's influence on his hydrological environment.

EVSC 340L - (1) (Y)
Physical Hydrology Laboratory
Corequisite: EVSC 340
Field and laboratory experimentation illustrative of the hydrological cycle, including energy and mass transfer in surface and ground water.

EVSC 350 - (3) (Y)
Atmosphere and Weather
Prerequisite: One semester of calculus; recommended: at least one semester of college physics with lab such as PHYS 231, 232
An introduction to the physical laws governing atmospheric behavior which provides an understanding of atmospheric variables and their role in the fluid environment of the earth.

EVSC 350L - (1) (Y)
Atmosphere and Weather Laboratory
Corequisite: EVSC 350
Study of the principles of measurements, instrumentation for measuring atmospheric parameters, and methods of observing and calculating atmospheric variables.

EVSC 362 - (3) (S)
GIS Methods
Prerequisites: The equivalent of the College natural science/mathematics
and social science area requirements. Experience with word processing, file managers, and other computing skills is essential. Explores the theory of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and their applications in a range of disciplines. Various GIS software packages are utilized. Example applications are from physical and social sciences, often with a focus on the Charlottesville-Albemarle area. For students interested in immediate applications of GIS in their work.

EVSC 384 - (4) (Y)
Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
Prerequisites: EVSC 280 or permission of instructor
Examination of erosional processes and their role in creating landforms. Explores the influence of processes and landforms on land use and the human environment, including hazards from floods and landslides.

EVSC 385 - (3) (Y)
Geodynamics
Prerequisites: EVSC 280, calculus and physics
Study of the basic principles of continuum mechanics and their application to problems in the geological sciences, including the behavior of the Earth's lithosphere, rock mechanics, and flow of water.

EVSC 386 - (3) (IR)
Introduction to Geochemistry
Prerequisites: CHEM 141, 142 and EVSC 280
Study of the principles that govern the distribution and abundance of the elements in the Earth's lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere.

EVSC 401 - (3) (Y)
Evolutionary Biology
Prerequisites: MATH 131 and EVSC 320 or BIOL 201 and 202, or permission of instructor
Provides an evolutionary approach to population ecology, animal behavior, and genetics. Topics include the principles of natural selection and the evolution of the phenotype, population regulation and life history evolution, mating systems, foraging behavior, speciation, and phylogeny reconstruction. Includes a weekend field trip to Mountain Lake Biological Station.

EVSC 415 - (3) (IR)
Topics in Oceanography
Prerequisites: One year college-level science
An introduction to oceanography together with a survey of marine resources and the scientific basis for their management.

EVSC 420 - (3) (Y)
The Ecology of Coastal Wetlands
Prerequisite: EVSC 320 or equivalent
A detailed investigation of the ecology of coastal interface ecosystems, including sea grass, mangrove, and salt marsh. Emphasizes biogeochemisty, succession, and dynamic processes related to the development and maintenance of these systems. The differences between tropical and temperate coastal systems are also explored.

EVSC 421 - (3) (IR)
Population Ecology
Prerequisites: EVSC 320 and one year of college-level biology
Analysis of the processes of population growth, dispersion, natural control of numbers, and species interactions in plants and animals. Explores strategies of population management. Three lecture and three field or laboratory hours.

EVSC 423 - (3) (O)
Marine Environments and Organisms
Prerequisite: EVSC 320 or equivalent
A survey of the major habitats of marine and estuarine areas and the organisms which have adapted to life in these environments. Emphasizes the organisms and communities which have evolved in response to stress and competition in the sea, and the systematics and natural history of marine organisms.

EVSC 425 - (3) (O)
Plants and Insects
Prerequisites: EVSC 320 or permission of instructor
Study of the classification, evolution, anatomy, ecology, and interactions of insects and flowering plants. Topics include the evolution of insect body plans and life-histories, and of floral anatomy and pollinator specificity, plant and insect coloration, mimicry and crypsis, breeding systems in plants, sociality in insects, sexual selection, herbivory, pollination, and seed predation and dispersal.

EVSC 425L - (1) (O)
Plants and Insects Laboratory
Prerequisite or corequisite: EVSC 425
Laboratory exercises and field trips demonstrating the anatomy, morphology, identification, and classification of plants and insects.

EVSC 426 - (3) (E)
Biogeography
Prerequisite: EVSC 320
A critical discussion of the roles of earth history, adaptation to the physical environment, and biological interactions in determining plant and animal distributions. Geographical patterns in species diversity, composition, morphology, and abundance are examined with reference to insular situations. Includes a historical development of ideas in biogeography as well as quantitative analysis of geographical patterns. Examines implications of biogeographic data for ideas about community ecology.

EVSC 427 - (4) (Y)
Soil Science
Prerequisites: EVSC 280 and EVSC 320; one year college chemistry or permission of instructor
Introduction to the study of soils as a natural system. Topics include the fundamentals of soil chemistry, hydrology, and biology with respect to genesis, classification and utilization.

EVSC 428 - (4) (Y)
Environmental Microbiology
Prerequisites: BIOL 201, CHEM 141, 142, EVSC 320
Analysis of the impact of microbial physiologic reactions on environmental quality: microbes as transformers of chemical pollutants; microbes as transformers of nutrient elements; microbes as agents of energy transfer in ecosystems; and microbes as contaminants. Emphasizes the quantitation of microbial activities.

EVSC 430 - (3) (O)
Management of Forest Ecosystems
Prerequisites: EVSC 320, EVSC 340 or EVSC 350 recommended
An integrative study of processes in forest ecosystems which effect management decisions. Emphasizes the interactions between the physiological processes of plants and system level functions such as the cycling of nutrients and the flow of energy and water. Examples of current and projected uses of forest systems are discussed throughout including harvesting for fiber and energy, and the preservation of forests as water purification and air pollution control systems.

EVSC 443 - (3) (IR)
Statistical Hydrology
Prerequisites: EVSC 340 and MATH 111, 112 or equivalent
Application of elements of mathematical statistics and probability theory to sampled data of hydrological processes, and the synthesis of data for information applicable to the design and management of water resources systems.

EVSC 444 - (4) (Y)
Applied Hydrology
Prerequisite: EVSC 340
Introduction to hydrology as applied to environmental problems including water resources, systems analysis, and the effects of urbanization and land use on the hydrological cycle. Three hours lecture, two hours laboratory.

EVSC 447 - (3) (Y)
Introduction to Climatological Analysis
Prerequisites: One semester of calculus; recommended: EVSC 350
Discussion of the general circulation of the atmosphere, followed by quantitative analyses of climatic fluctuations and their impact upon ecologic and economic systems.

EVSC 455 - (3) (O)
Synoptic Climatology
Prerequisite: EVSC 350 or equivalent, or permission of instructor
Study of the formation, movements, and meteorological and climatological attributes of synoptic-scale weather systems and the impact on the environment. Explore the relationship of these systems to problems such as air quality, atmospheric transport, climate change, and evaporation and precipitation regimes.

EVSC 457 - (3) (Y)
Microclimatology
Prerequisite: EVSC 350 or permission of instructor
Analysis of the principles governing atmospheric processes occurring at small temporal and spatial scales near the Earth's surface, including energy, mass and momentum transfer. Topics include features of the atmospheric environment effecting plants and feedback mechanisms between plants and their local microclimates, trace gas exchange between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere, energy budgets, evapotranspiration, and motions near the surface.

EVSC 458 - (3) (O)
Introduction to Tropical Meteorology
Prerequisite: EVSC 350 or equivalent course in introductory meteorology; or permission of instructor
Study of the atmospheric processes of the tropics and the role which the tropics plays in the global atmosphere.

EVSC 459 - (3) (E)
The Weather of the Rain Forest
Prerequisites: EVSC 350 or equivalent course in introductory meteorology; or permission of instructor
The equatorial rain forest is presented as an interactive system where the state of the atmosphere is an integrated result of interactions between the hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere.

EVSC 462 - (3) (Y)
Land Use Management
Prerequisites: ECON 201, 202 recommended, two environmental sciences core courses
Study of the techniques for analyzing, projecting, and managing land usage. Examines goals for, and the interaction of economic, social and physical processes in land use management.

EVSC 464 - (3) (Y)
Land Use and Environmental Models
Prerequisites: Some computer programming experience
Analysis of experimental applications of environmental and land use models and modeling.

EVSC 466 - (3) (S)
GIS and Arc/Info
Prerequisites: The equivalent of the College natural science/mathematics and social science area requirements. Experience with word processing, file managers, and other computing skills is essential.
Explores the theory of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the use of Arc/Info software for research and other applications in a range of disciplines. Example applications are from physical and social sciences, often with a focus on the Charlottesville-Albemarle area. For students interested in research and longer term applications of GIS.

EVSC 478 - (3) (O)
Groundwater Geology
Prerequisites: EVSC 280, EVSC 340
Study of the mechanics of groundwater flow, with attendant heat and mass transport; regional geological controls on groundwater occurrence and movement; and the role of groundwater in geological processes.

EVSC 480 - (4) (Y)
Mineralogy
Prerequisites: EVSC 280; prerequisite or corequisite: one year of college chemistry
Study of crystallography, crystal chemistry and optical mineralogy; mineral symmetry as it relates to chemical bonding; interaction of crystals with polarized light; and the identification of minerals by physical, optical and X-ray diffraction techniques. Field experience and laboratories are included.

EVSC 481 - (4) (O)
Petrology
Prerequisite: EVSC 480
Study of the origin and classification of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Emphasizes rock series and tectonic associations of rock types. Study of thin sections and hand samples in the laboratory. Field experience and laboratories are included.

EVSC 482 (3) (IR)
Stratigraphy and Sedimentation
Prerequisite: EVSC 280
Explores the fundamentals of geological chronology including principles of sedimentation and sequences in layered rocks, and stratigraphic classification of sedimentary rocks, emphasizing spatial and temporal relationships; study of lithofacies and biofacies for interpretation of geologic history; and systematic examination of geologic periods.

EVSC 483 - (3) (Y)
Earth's Climatic History
Prerequisite: EVSC 280
Analysis of changes through geologic time of the Earth's climate system (ice sheets, oceans, atmosphere, vegetation) in response to solar variability, sea-floor spreading, mountain building, atmospheric CO₂ levels, volcanic eruptions, and earth-sun orbital changes.

EVSC 484 - (3) (E)
Engineering Geology
Prerequisites: EVSC 280 and EVSC 340
Study of engineering properties of earth materials and their behavior in response to surface processes as they effect land use and natural resource utilization. Two lecture hours and three field or laboratory hours.

EVSC 485 - (3) (Y)
Coastal Processes
Prerequisite: EVSC 280
A review of wave generation, wave prediction, wave refraction, transformation, shoaling, and associated inshore currents. Topics include the generation of littoral drift and shallow water surge; beach and barrier island geomorphology and problems of erosion. Includes the historical development of research in coastal processes and a quantitative analysis of spatial patterns along sandy coasts.

EVSC 485L - (1) (Y)
Coastal Processes Laboratory
Corequisite: EVSC 485
Laboratory analysis of sediment, map, and aerial photo data sets. Lab demonstrations with the wave tank and rapid sediment analyzer. Weekly exercises and research projects required.

EVSC 487 - (3) (Y)
Global Biogeochemical Cycles
Prerequisites: One semester of college chemistry and one or two of the EVSC core classes.
Study of the processes which regulate the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus within and between oceans, continents and atmosphere.

EVSC 488 - (3) (O)
Planetary Geology
Prerequisite: Introductory course in geosciences or astronomy
Study of the origin and evolution of the solar system, with an emphasis on the geology of the planets and satellites of inner solar system and the satellites of the gaseous planets. The Earth is compared and contrasted with Venus and Mars.

EVSC 489 - (4) (E)
Structural Geology
Prerequisites: EVSC 280, or permission of instructor
Study of the origin, development and classification of microscopic and macroscopic structures in folded and faulted rocks; the response of rocks to stress and strain; brittle and ductile deformation; and the tectonic evolution of mountain belts. Includes field experience and laboratories.

EVSC 493, 494 - (1-3) (IR)
Independent Study
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor
Specialized topics in ecology, atmosphere, hydrology, environmental geology, or environmental systems not normally covered in formal classes under the direction of the faculty.

EVSC 495, 496 - (3) (IR)
Supervised Research
Prerequisite: Permission of instructor
Original research usually involving a field or laboratory problem in the environmental sciences under the direction of one or more faculty members. The results may form the basis of an undergraduate thesis which is required to partially fulfill the Distinguished Majors Program in environmental sciences.

EVSC 503 - (4) (Y)
Applied Statistics for Environmental Scientists
Prerequisites: MATH 111 or MATH 112; corequisite: EVSC 503L
Provides a firm knowledge of experimental design, hypothesis testing, and the use of statistical methods of data analysis.

EVSC 503L - (0) (Y)
Applied Statistics Laboratory
Corequisite: EVSC 503
Use of computer laboratories in the analysis of quantitative data.

EVSC 511 - (4) (E)
Systems Analysis in Environmental Sciences
Prerequisites: MATH 132 or equivalent, computer programming experience
The application of a variety of techniques of systems analysis to the environmental sciences, particularly ecology. Simulation models of ecosystems, of biological populations, and of hydrological, atmospheric and geological systems are examined and used to address scientific questions in the environmental sciences. Student projects apply techniques to specific problems.

EVSC 521 - (3) (IR)
Air Quality Planning
Study of methods for formulating and evaluating air quality plans, and techniques and strategies for air quality management.

EVSC 544 - (3) (O)
Physical Oceanography
Prerequisites: PHYS 231, 232 or equivalent, two semesters calculus, MATH 131, 132 recommended, or permission of instructor
Study of the physical properties, processes and structure of the oceans; mass and energy budgets; methods of measurements; and the nature and theory of ocean currents, waves and tides in the open sea, near shore and in estuaries.

EVSC 560 - (3) (Y)
Land Use Policies
Prerequisites: ECON 201, 202
Topics include goals for land use, analysis of legislation, and land use controls, evaluation of resource allocation, and environmental impacts of national and local land use policies.

Atmosphere

EVAT 541 - (4) (Y)
Atmospheric Dynamics
Prerequisites: MATH 131, 132 and PHYS 231, 232
An introduction to theoretical meteorology encompassing dry and moist air thermodynamics, the mechanics of atmospheric motion, and the dynamics of atmospheric weather systems.

EVAT 542 - (3) (Y)
Microclimate
Prerequisites: EVSC 350 or permission of instructor
Principles of radiation transfer, soil heat flux, atmospheric heat transfer, atmospheric moisture, and evapotranspiration, motions near the Earth's surface, and surface energy balances are covered to provide a basis for describing the microclimate of various surfaces.

EVAT 550 - (3) (O)
Environmental Climatology
Corequisites: EVSC 350 or the text The Science and Wonders of the Atmosphere
An advanced-level survey of the theoretical and experimental research areas in climatology and meteorology, with particular emphasis on environmental problems associated with the atmosphere. Fundamental principles used in these studies are introduced and discussed, along with procedures used to present and analyze atmospheric information.

Ecology

EVEC 521 - (4) (Y)
Aquatic Ecology
Prerequisites: EVSC 320, EVSC 340, EVSC 420, integral calculus, or permission of instructor
Analysis of the physics and chemistry of fresh-water and marine environments; functional classification of organisms in aquatic communities; and the energy and nutrient dynamics of aquatic communities. Three hours lecture, three laboratory hours.

EVEC 522 - (4) (O)
Terrestrial Ecology
Prerequisites: EVSC 320 and permission of instructor
Analysis of the patterns and processes in terrestrial ecosystems. Topic include macro- and micro-meteorological factors; producer, consumer and decomposer processes; hydrologic and biogeochemical pathways; and changes through space and time. Three lecture and four field or laboratory hours.

EVEC 523 - (3) (Y)
Microbial Ecology
Prerequisites: EVSC 280, EVSC 320, EVSC 340, EVSC 350, or permission of instructor
The relationships of microorganisms to similar organisms, to dissimilar (macro) organisms and to the physical-chemical environment are treated both as a demonstration of basic ecological theory and to indicate the importance of the microbes in maintaining the world as we know it. The major subject divisions of the course are: the organisms, microbial habitats, community formation and structure, interspecific relationships, nutrient cycling, and anthropogenic ecology.

EVEC 523L - (1) (Y)
Microbial Ecology Laboratory
Prerequisites: permission of instructor; corequisite: EVEC 523
Intended to complement EVEC 523 which is a corequisite for registration in this course. Provides an opportunity to learn and experience the techniques used in microbial ecological research. Both classic techniques and state-of-the-art methods for determination of microbial biomass in nature are utilized. Various methods of determining microbiological activity are covered. Several exercises involve field sampling and analysis.

EVEC 525 (3) (Y)
Ecological Issues in Global Change
Prerequisites: EVSC 320 or equivalent, one year of college calculus, or permission of the instructor
An introduction to development and application of theoretical constructs and mathematical models for projecting the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems to large scale changes in the environment. Course has a required computer-based laboratory (EVEC 525L) to provide an increased familiarity with ecological models used in global change studies.

EVEC 525L - (1) (Y)
Ecological Issues in Global Change Laboratory
Corequisite: EVEC 525
A computer-based laboratory in the application of ecological models to problems in evaluating the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to large scale environmental change. Designed to parallel lecture material in EVEC 525.

Geoscience

EVGE 504 - (3) (O)
Geochemistry
Prerequisites: CHEM 141, 142, EVSC 280, EVSC 480, two semesters calculus, MATH 131, 132 recommended
The study of the principles which govern the distribution and abundance of the elements in the earth's lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere.

EVGE 507 - (4) (Y)
Aqueous Geochemistry
Prerequisites: 1 year of calculus, 1 year of chemistry, 1 mineralogy or petrology course
Study of the principals of thermodynamics as applied to mineral-water systems. Treatment includes mineral stability, phase diagrams, solution thermodynamics, electrolyte theory, aqueous complex and hydrolysis equilibria, and electrochemical equilibria.

EVGE 582 - (4) (Y)
Geomorphology
Prerequisites: EVSC 280 or EVSC 340
Study of the processes which shape the land surface and their relationship to human activity.

EVGE 584 - (3) (Y)
Sediment Processes and Environments
Prerequisites: One year of calculus and physics, or permission of instructor; corequisite: EVGE 584L
Study of the erosion, transport, and deposition of sediment; initial motion of sediment, bedload and suspended load transport and bedforms; and important sediment-transporting environments. Application of sediment transport theory to problems of geological and environmental interest.

EVGE 584L - (1) (Y)
Sediment Processes Laboratory
Corequisite: EVGE 584
Laboratory investigation of sediment transport phenomena and readings of classic and current research.

Hydrosphere

EVHY 544 - (3) (Y)
Catchment Hydrology: Process and Theory
Prerequisite: EVSC 340
An introduction to current theories of the hydrological response of catchments. The course takes an integrative approach, seeking to illuminate the derivation of theory in the light of the time and location of the process studies on which they were based.

EVHY 545 - (4) (Y)
Hydrological Transport Processes
Prerequisites: EVSC 280 and EVSC 340
Study of the physical principles governing the transport of dissolved substances and of sediment and particulate matter in the terrestrial portion of the hydrological cycle.

EVHY 547 - (4) (Y)
Environmental Fluid Mechanics
Prerequisites: One year of calculus and physics or permission of instructor
Study of the mechanics of fluids and fluid-related processes occurring at the earth's surface, including laminar, inviscid, and turbulent flows, drag, boundary layers, diffusion and dispersion of mass, flow through porous media, and effects of the Earth's rotation. Special attention is given to topics related to the environmental sciences.

EVHY 578 - (4) (Y)
Groundwater Hydrology
Prerequisites: EVSC 280, EVSC 340 or equivalents, two semesters calculus, CHEM 141, 142 or equivalents
An introduction to physical and chemical groundwater hydrology. Topics include the mechanics of groundwater flow, emphasizing geological factors influencing groundwater occurrence and movement; the influence of natural geological heterogeneity on groundwater flow patterns; and mass and heat transport in groundwater flow systems. The accompanying laboratory examines methods of hydrogeological data acquisition and analysis.

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