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A. Christianity and Judaism in Antiquity
Full Program Description

This program provides for the advanced study both of Christianity from its origins through the Arab conquest and of Judaism from the early Hellenistic period through the period of the Talmud. For the study of Christianity the program combines the disciplines traditionally distinguished as "New Testament Studies" and "Patristics," and for the study of Judaism it combines the disciplines of "Hebrew Bible," "intertestamental studies," and "classical (early rabbinic) Judaism." And since both Judaism and Christianity belonged to, were shaped by, and shaped the larger cultural environment, the program also includes careful attention to Graeco-Roman society and culture. Each student elects to concentrate in either Christianity or Judaism, but a significant amount of work is also done in the subsidiary field.

 In addition to modern-language requirements of competence in French or German, students must also develop competence in at least two a Hebrew, Greek, and Latin. For admission students must have a solid grounding in at least one ancient language as well as familiarity with one of the modern languages.

Comprehensive examinations are required in four areas: Judaism (Hebrew Bible/Judaica), Christianity (New Testament and Patristics), Graeco-Roman Studies, Primary Languages.


B. European and American Religious History
Full Program Description

This program offers concentration in Medieval or Early Modern European religious history; in American religious history; and in European and American Catholicism since the eighteenth century. Each student must choose a primary and a secondary concentration among these. In addition, each student is to do course work in the following areas: Christian antiquity before the seventh century; philosophy or theology; literature or art history; and related socio-scientific approaches to historical studies. The program is interdisciplinary, drawing also on the resources of the History department.

The program requires a reading knowledge of German, French and Latin with the possibility of the student's gaining permission for the substitution of another language depending on the field of major concentration.

Four comprehensive examinations are required. Three examinations are to be written in the following areas: (1) European religious history (exclusive of the dissertation area); (2) American religious history (exclusive of the dissertation area); (3) the area of specialization incorporating the particular socio-scientific historical approach chosen in course work; and (4) an oral examination in the dissertation area.


C. Historical Theology

Historical Theology provides opportunity for advanced study of the history of Christian thought. Students will concentrate on one historical period, e.g. early church, medieval, early modern, but will be examined on theological sources from other periods. One exam will deal with some aspect of the Scriptures as interpreted within Christian tradition. Besides French and German students will be required to pass examinations in ecclesiastical Greek and Latin.