Dec.19, 1997

NUMBER OF NON-TENURE-TRACK WOMEN FACULTY HAS JUMPED,
    BUT THEY EARN LESS THAN MEN IN SIMILAR POSITIONS

	Women in full-time, non-tenure-track positions in America's
colleges and universities make less money and publish less frequently
than men and are often employed in traditionally female fields,
analysis of nationwide data shows.
	The study, published by the National Education Association
(NEA), shows important changes in the gender mix of faculty teaching
in two- and four-year colleges and universities, according to
researchers Jay L. Chronister and Roger G. Baldwin, education
professors at the University of Virginia and the College of William
and Mary, respectively.
	Women faculty in all types of positions increased by nearly 70
percent over the past two decades.  Although there were substantial
gains in women holding tenured faculty slots (a 67 percent increase)
and in tenure-track positions (21.6 percent increase) between 1975 and
1993, the largest gain by far was in non-tenure-track (NTT) positions.
The number of women in full-time NTT positions jumped 142 percent over
18 years, the NEA report shows.  
	Although there were no major differences in the average total
number of classes taught per week by male and female NTT faculty,
their basic salaries differed substantially.  Males had a mean
academic-year salary of $41,113, compared to $33,195 for females.  
	The largest differences in salaries were in agriculture/home
economics where the differential was $47,335 for men versus $28,667
for women and in health sciences, with a differential of $64,648 for
men, $44,172 for women.
	"Only in the social sciences and fine arts did females'
salaries approach the males', but still the difference was more than
$3,000," said Chronister.
	Males in non-tenure-track positions produced more scholarly
work, such as books, chapters and refereed articles, than women in
such positions.  The average number of such publications for males
(15.7) was more than twice the number for females (6.7).  Chronister's
and Baldwin's analysis of salary and productivity is based on data from
the 1993 National Study of Post-Secondary Faculty, which includes all
full-time college and university faculty with instructional responsibility.
	Women NTT faculty are most likely to be employed in such
traditionally female fields as education and health sciences (not
medicine).  
	About 33 percent of full-time, male NTT faculty hold
doctorates; slightly more than 21 percent of the full-time female
faculty have doctorates.
	"Women and men continue to have different experiences in
higher education.  Academic leaders and policy makers should monitor
these differences to insure that all faculty, including those in
non-tenure-track positions, are treated equitably and given the support
necessary for professional growth," said Baldwin.
				###
	For more information or for a copy of the report, contact Jay
Chronister at (804) 924-0733 (office) or (804) 589-3685 (home) or
jlc@virginia.edu Contact Roger Baldwin at (757) 221-2322 (office) or
rgbald@facstaff.wm.edu

	






























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