The project that is the subject of this report was done under contract for the Virginia Department of Transportation, Virginia Transportation Research Council. The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied are those of the contractors, and although they have been accepted as appropriate by the project monitors, they are not necessarily those of the Virginia Transportation Research Council or the Virginia Department of Transportation. Each contract report is peer reviewed and accepted for publication by Research Council staff with expertise in related technical areas. Final editing and proofreading of the report are performed by the contractor. A paper copy of this report can be obtained from the office of Mr. Wayne Fergusson, Virginia Transportation Research Council, or in .pdf format here.
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